Hans Berger (1873-1941)

Karbowski, K

doi:10.1007/s00415-002-0872-4

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Since the early days of neuroscience, synchronized activity has been observed across the entire brain, often emerging spontaneously at rest. For example, the alpha wave, measured by the electroencephalogram (discovered by Hans Berger in the 1920s (Karbowski, 2002)), emerges spontaneously at rest with closed eyes, and its spatial scale suggests it must involve the synchronized coordination of many neurons. In 1995, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the blood-oxygenation level dependent signal (BOLD), Biswal and colleagues found that the fMRI signals from distant parts of the brain, at rest, were highly correlated with each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous activity forms a foundation for odor-evoked activation maps in the rat olfactory bulb

et al. 2018

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Fluctuations in spontaneous activity have been observed by many neuroimaging techniques, but because these resting-state changes are not evoked by stimuli, it is difficult to determine how they relate to task-evoked activations. We conducted multi-modal neuroimaging scans of the rat olfactory bulb, both with and without odor, to examine interaction between spontaneous and evoked activities. Independent component analysis of spontaneous fluctuations revealed resting-state networks, and odor-evoked changes revealed activation maps. We constructed simulated activation maps using resting-state networks that were highly correlated to evoked activation maps. Simulated activation maps derived by intrinsic optical signal (IOS), which covers the dorsal portion of the glomerular sheet, significantly differentiated one odor's evoked activation map from the other two. To test the hypothesis that spontaneous activity of the entire glomerular sheet is relevant for representing odor-evoked activations, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to map the entire glomerular sheet. In contrast to the IOS results, the fMRI-derived simulated activation maps significantly differentiated all three odors' evoked activation maps. Importantly, no evoked activation maps could be significantly differentiated using simulated activation maps produced using phase-randomized resting-state networks. Given that some highly organized resting-state networks did not correlate with any odors' evoked activation maps, we posit that these resting-state networks may characterize evoked activation maps associated with odors not studied. These results emphasize that fluctuations in spontaneous activity form a foundation for active processing, signifying the relevance of resting-state mapping to functional neuroimaging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous activity forms a foundation for odor-evoked activation maps in the rat olfactory bulb

et al. 2018

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“…10 In 1938 he compiled his work in a monograph published in the "Nova Acta Leopoldina". 15,16 This monograph comprised a description of normal EEG of the adult with his alpha and beta waves, the blocking of alpha waves in response to eye-opening or sensory stimuli, named brain waves in terms of their frequency (i.e. alpha, beta, theta and delta waves), the EEG across age groups (newborns, children, elderly), the isoelectric EEG in brain death, the effect of narcotics and hyperventilation on EEG and EEG changes in different pathological states (intracranial hemorrhage, dementia, neoplasms, interictal epileptiform activity, petit mal seizures Figure 4 Berger ̀s schematic illustration of lead electrodes disposition over the forehead and occipital region, just above the inion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An appraisal to Hans Berger by the time of his 150th birthday: the human EEG and tales of blood flow, heat and brain waves

Caeira,

Caboclo,

Paola

2023

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

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More than 100 years of research have passed by and still the human electroencephalogram (EEG) remains a puzzle to be solved. Starting from his studies on plethysmography until his theories on brain thermodynamics, Hans Berger was able to refine his method of recording cortical signs with the apparatus at his disposal in an ordinary neuropsychiatric yard towards an early account of human EEG. This review is an appraisal of his contribution to the field of modern neurophysiology.

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“…It allows scientists to not only observe the summation of neuronal activity/synaptic input at a population level, but also observe spike trains at single cell level in super high temporal resolution with sampling frequency up to (currently) 30 kHz. Recoding human EEG, Hans Berger first identified a typical brain rhythm, alpha oscillation [1], followed by many scientists characterizing delta, theta, beta, and gamma waves in different species from rodents to humans, noting the different characteristics of these waves across species (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Brain Oscillations Orchestrate Memory?

Luo

Guan

2018

Brain Science Advances

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Rhythmicity and oscillations are common features in nature, and can be seen in phenomena such as seasons, breathing, and brain activity. Despite the fact that a single neuron transmits its activity to its neighbor through a transient pulse, rhythmic activity emerges from large population-wide activity in the brain, and such rhythms are strongly coupled with the state and cognitive functions of the brain. However, it is still debated whether the oscillations of brain activity actually carry information. Here, we briefly introduce the biological findings of brain oscillations, and summarize the recent progress in understanding how oscillations mediate brain function. Finally, we examine the possible relationship between brain cognitive function and oscillation, focusing on how oscillation is related to memory, particularly with respect to state-dependent memory formation and memory retrieval under specific brain waves. We propose that oscillatory waves in the neocortex contribute to the synchronization and activation of specific memory trace ensembles in the neocortex by promoting long-range neural communication.

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Hans Berger (1873-1941)

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

Spontaneous activity forms a foundation for odor-evoked activation maps in the rat olfactory bulb

Spontaneous activity forms a foundation for odor-evoked activation maps in the rat olfactory bulb

An appraisal to Hans Berger by the time of his 150th birthday: the human EEG and tales of blood flow, heat and brain waves

Do Brain Oscillations Orchestrate Memory?

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