Hansen's disease in the Pacific (a Hawaiian perspective)

Bomgaars, Mona R.; Maruyama, Minako; L, Tam

doi:10.1109/pacmed.1998.769893

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(2 citation statements)

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“…Of 43 Marshallese patients, 31 (72%) had multibacillary HD, 17 (17%) were female, and 1 was a child. Cases in Hawaii were not consistently reported to NHDP until the late 1990s; however, Bomgaars et al reported that HD cases in 15 Micronesian and 23 Marshallese patients were noted there from 1990 through mid-1998, including the Marshallese cluster summarized in Table 2 ( 6 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…HD has been present in the United States for more than a century; the number of patients has remained relatively constant at 150–200 per year ( 4 ).The US National Hansen’s Disease Program (NHDP) has noted an increasing number of cases among US-resident Marshall Islanders and Micronesians, including several persons with advanced disease. In 1996, the Hawaii HD program reported a cluster involving 16 (5%) of 321 persons screened from a Marshallese migrant community ( 5 , 6 ). In 2002, the US Army noted 3 cases in 1 month in soldiers from this region ( 7 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hansen Disease among Micronesian and Marshallese Persons Living in the United States

Woodall¹,

Scollard²,

Rajan³

2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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An increasing proportion of Hansen disease cases in the United States occurs among migrants from the Micronesian region, where leprosy prevalence is high. We abstracted surveillance and clinical records of the National Hansen’s Disease Program to determine geographic, demographic, and clinical patterns. Since 2004, 13% of US cases have occurred in this migrant population. Although Hawaii reported the most cases, reports have increased in the central and southern states. Multibacillary disease in men predominates on the US mainland. Of 49 patients for whom clinical data were available, 37 (75%) had leprosy reaction, neuropathy, or other complications; 17 (37%) of 46 completed treatment. Comparison of data from the US mainland with Hawaii and country-of-origin suggests under-detection of cases in pediatric and female patients and with paucibacillary disease in the United States. Increased case finding and management, and avoidance of leprosy-labeled stigma, is needed for this population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%