Hantavirus Transmission: Potential Role of Ectoparasites

Houck, Marilyn A.; Qin, He; Roberts, Heather R.

doi:10.1089/153036601750137723

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“… 24 , 25 Furthermore, hantavirus-specific RNA was ever identified from wild trombiculid mites in USA. 26 In the present study, two SEOV and one HTNV strains were identified in gamasid and trombiculid mites from 38 hosts. The hantavirus-positive rate in the mites should be underestimated because these ectoparasites escaped quickly after their hosts were killed by the traps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Meteorological factors affect the epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome via altering the breeding and hantavirus-carrying states of rodents and mites: a 9 years’ longitudinal study

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2017

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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The incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Qingdao, China was three times higher than that of the average national level. Here we characterized the epidemiology, ecological determinants and pathogen evolution of HFRS in Qingdao during 2007–2015. In this longitudinal study, a total of 1846 HFRS patients and 41 HFRS-related deaths were reported. HFRS in Qingdao peaked once a year in the fourth quarter. We built a time series generalized additive model, and found that meteorological factors in the previous quarter could accurately predict HFRS occurrence. To explore how meteorological factors influenced the epidemic of HFRS, we analyzed the relationship between meteorological factors and hantavirus-carrying states of the hosts (including rodents and shrews). Comprehensive analysis showed humidity was correlated to high host densities in the third quarter and high hantavirus-carrying rates of animal hosts in the third to fourth quarters, which might contribute to HFRS peak in the fourth quarter. We further compared the L segments of hantaviruses from HFRS patients, animal hosts and ectoparasites. Phylogenetic analysis showed that hantaviruses in gamasid and trombiculid mites were the same as those from the hosts. This indicated mites also contributed to the transmission of hantavirus. Furthermore, Hantaan virus from HFRS patients, hosts and mites in Qingdao formed a distinct phylogenetic cluster. A new clade of Seoul virus was also identified in the hosts. Overall, meteorological factors increase HFRS incidence possibly via facilitating hosts’ reproduction and consequent mite-mediated hantavirus transmission. New hantavirus subtypes evolved in Qingdao represent new challenges of fighting against HFRS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Meteorological factors affect the epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome via altering the breeding and hantavirus-carrying states of rodents and mites: a 9 years’ longitudinal study

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2017

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“…The authors suggested that this mite could be naturally infected by HFRS virus and transmitted to vertebrates by biting and to its offspring via transovarian transmission. On the other hand, although the spread of Hantavirus had been thought to be exclusively by rodent excrement and urine, Hantavirus-RNA was detected in Leptotrombidium mites from Texas (2 larvae and 1 free-living predatory stage), suggesting a possible role in the transmission of Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome [98].…”

Section: Other Chigger-borne Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Chiggers as Human Pathogens

Santibáñez¹,

Palomar²,

Portillo³

et al. 2015

An Overview of Tropical Diseases

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Trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) are distributed worldwide ectoparasites of a wide range of vertebrates. More than 50 species are known to bite humans, and about 20 have medical importance. The larval stages (chiggers) of the genus Leptotrombidium are vectors of Orientia tsutsugamushi, causative agent of scrub typhus. This life-threatening disease is widely endemic in Asian Pacific regions where more than one billion people are at risk of acquiring the infection and around one million new cases are estimated to occur annually. In addition, although underreported and often misdiagnosed, trombiculiasis, defined as a dermatitis caused by the salivary secretion of biting chiggers, is present in America and Europe.

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“…Though the aerosol route of infection is undoubtedly the most common means of transmission among rodents and to humans [2,3,5], virus transmission by bite occurs among rodents [148,149] and may also result in human infection. Mites (gamasid mites and chigger mites) have been found PCR positive for HTNV in China [150] and for Bayou virus in USA [151], indicating that they may also play some roles in transmission of both the Old World and New World hantaviruses. There are no cases suggesting transmission of SNV from infected mother to infants in uterus or via breast feeding [152][153], and no vertical SNV infection was shown in deer mouse [154].…”

Section: Transmissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hantavirus Infection: a review and global update

Formenty

Roth

2008

J Infect Dev Ctries

202

215

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Hantaviruses have the potential to cause two different types of diseases in human: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). HFRS, initially described clinically at the turn of the 20 th century, occurs endemically in the Asian and European continents, while HPS, recognized as a clinical entity since 1993, represents the prototype of emerging diseases occurring in the Western hemisphere. Approximately 150,000 to 200,000 cases of HFRS are hospitalized each year world wide, with most of the cases occurring in the developing countries. The case fatality rate of HFRS varies from <1% to 12% depending on the viruses. Although HPS is much smaller in number than HFRS, with approximately 200 HPS cases per year in the Americas, the average case fatality rate is 40%. The reported cases of hantaviral infection is increasing in many countries and new hantavirus strains have been increasingly identified worldwide, which constitutes a public health problem of increasing global concern. Hantaviral infection might be underestimated due to its asymptomatic and nonspecific mild infection, and the lack of simple standardized laboratory diagnostics in hospitals, especially in the developing countries. This review summarizes the current knowledge on virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestation, laboratory diagnostics, treatment and prevention of hantaviruses and hantaviral infections.

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Hantavirus Transmission: Potential Role of Ectoparasites

Cited by 45 publications

References 16 publications

Meteorological factors affect the epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome via altering the breeding and hantavirus-carrying states of rodents and mites: a 9 years’ longitudinal study

Meteorological factors affect the epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome via altering the breeding and hantavirus-carrying states of rodents and mites: a 9 years’ longitudinal study

The Role of Chiggers as Human Pathogens

Hantavirus Infection: a review and global update

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