Happiness, self‐esteem, and prosociality in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from a UK population cohort study

McChesney, Gillian; Toseeb, Umar

doi:10.1002/aur.1957

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…For the second stage of the mediation model (self-esteem→pro-social tendency), self-esteem was positively associated with pro-social tendencies in LBAs. This finding is congruent with previous research (Zuffiano et al, 2016; Fu et al, 2017; McChesney and Toseeb, 2018), indicating that people with high self-esteem are more likely to have high pro-social tendency. This finding supports the notion that self-esteem is a motivating factor and important psychological resource for achieving positive social outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Individuals with low self-esteem may have fewer cognitive resources to cope with daily stressors, making them vulnerable to emotional exhaustion and social maladjustment. Previous studies have demonstrated that low self-esteem was more prevalent among LBAs than non-LABs (Tang et al, 2018) and that self-esteem is positively associated with pro-social tendencies (Yun and Lee, 2007), which indicates that those with high self-esteem are more likely to have pro-social tendencies (Fu et al, 2017; McChesney and Toseeb, 2018). Furthermore, self-esteem is considered to be a mediator between family function and internet addiction (Shi et al, 2017), as well as a mediator between social support/happiness and pro-social tendencies (Guo et al, 2014; McChesney and Toseeb, 2018) in other populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that low self-esteem was more prevalent among LBAs than non-LABs (Tang et al, 2018) and that self-esteem is positively associated with pro-social tendencies (Yun and Lee, 2007), which indicates that those with high self-esteem are more likely to have pro-social tendencies (Fu et al, 2017; McChesney and Toseeb, 2018). Furthermore, self-esteem is considered to be a mediator between family function and internet addiction (Shi et al, 2017), as well as a mediator between social support/happiness and pro-social tendencies (Guo et al, 2014; McChesney and Toseeb, 2018) in other populations. Self-esteem also act as a moderator between family function and depression (Yoo and Chung, 2018) and between dispositional envy and pro-social tendencies (Yu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Status of Pro-social Tendency of Left-Behind Adolescents in China: How Family Function and Self-Esteem Affect Pro-social Tendencies

Gao

Yao

Yao³

et al. 2019

Front. Psychol.

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In China, adolescents are frequently left behind. To date, few studies have focused on the pro-social tendencies of left-behind adolescents and the relationship of family function, self-esteem, and pro-social tendency is yet to be examined. This study, therefore, aims to understand the status of pro-social tendency of left-behind adolescents and to explore the mediating and moderating roles of self-esteem in the relationship between family function and pro-social tendency. A large, school-based survey was conducted in three Chinese provinces. An analysis of covariance was first used to identify the differences in pro-social tendency between adolescents who were and were not left behind. We then analyzed the variance within left-behind adolescents using demographics, left-behind type, years of being left-behind, and caregiver related characteristics. A structural equation model was used to analyze the relationship of family function, self-esteem, and pro-social tendency, with bootstrapping used to explore the mediating role of self-esteem. Additionally, an ordinary least squares regression was used to examine the moderating effect of self-esteem. The results showed that the pro-social tendency of left-behind adolescents was lower than in non-left-behind adolescents ( F = 15.11, p = 0.0001). Family function was positive related to pro-social tendency ( r = 0.259), which had not only a direct effect on pro-social tendency (β = 0.254), but also an indirect effect through self-esteem (β = 0.071, bias-corrected 95% CI: 0.051:0.090; percentile 95% CI: 0.053:0.092). Additionally, 21.85% of the total effect of family function on pro-social tendency was mediated by self-esteem. Furthermore, self-esteem negatively moderated the relationship between family function and pro-social tendency (β = -0.208, p < 0.0001), such that the effect of family function on pro-social tendency became weaker as self-esteem increased. The current study verified the negative effect of being left behind on the social development of adolescents and contributed to the understanding of the importance of self-esteem in the relationship between family function and pro-social tendency. Interventions aimed at enhancing self-esteem should be developed and implemented in left-behind adolescents to promote wellness in the entirety of psychological and social outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Status of Pro-social Tendency of Left-Behind Adolescents in China: How Family Function and Self-Esteem Affect Pro-social Tendencies

Gao

Yao

Yao³

et al. 2019

Front. Psychol.

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“…The presence and severity of ASD traits and social support are two factors shown to be related to well‐being across both ASD and non‐ASD clinical and normative samples. Although children with ASD in the study by McChesney and Toseeb [] showed relatively high levels of positive well‐being, overall levels were lower than for children without ASD. Furthermore, children with ASD who fared worse in terms of positive well‐being had more behavioral, communication, and social problems, suggesting symptom severity may have impacted well‐being.…”

Section: Predictors Of Mental Health and Well‐beingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Furthermore, positive well‐being in the typically developing population may foster resilience and buffer against negative mental health and other poor outcomes [Teismann, Brailovskaia, et al, ; Teismann et al, ; Wilhelm, Wedgwood, Parker, Geerligs, & Hadzi‐Pavlovic, ]. However, with the exception of the recent population based study from the United Kingdom which reported that children with ASD exhibit relatively high levels of traits and behaviors indicative of positive well‐being, such as self‐esteem and happiness [McChesney & Toseeb, ], positive well‐being remains understudied in ASD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of mental health and well‐being in employed adults with autism spectrum disorder at 12‐month follow‐up

et al. 2019

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People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) commonly experience poor outcomes in adulthood. Previous research on adult outcomes has focused on negative aspects of health and well‐being, while positive well‐being remains understudied. The current study charted 12‐month change in daily living skills, job satisfaction, depression, anxiety, and positive well‐being in 36 (32 male) newly employed adults with ASD aged 18 to 57 years who were participating in a supported employment program. There was a small increase in daily living skills, and a slight decrease in job satisfaction, with all other measures remaining stable over time. Regression analyses revealed that, controlling for baseline depression, positive well‐being negatively predicted depression at follow‐up. No significant predictors of anxiety were identified. Social support and depression at baseline were associated with positive well‐being at follow‐up; however, they were no longer significant predictors after the effects of baseline positive well‐being were taken into account. The findings provide evidence that positive well‐being may buffer against depression in people with ASD. Our finding of stability of mental health and well‐being measures over time indicates more research is required to uncover the mechanisms underpinning mental health and well‐being outcomes in employed adults with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 482–494 © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary People with autism commonly experience poor outcomes in adulthood. We studied mental health and well‐being in newly employed adults with autism who were participating in a supported employment program. Apart from a slight increase in daily living skills and a slight decrease in job satisfaction, other measures of mental health and well‐being remained stable over time. Our findings suggest that positive well‐being may protect against symptoms of depression in people with autism.

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Well‐being spectrum traits are associated with polygenic scores for autism

Mohammad,

de Ruijter,

Rukh

et al. 2023

Autism Research

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to experience lower well‐being as demonstrated mostly for children and adolescents in epidemiological studies. A further investigation of inclusive well‐being, in terms of five well‐being spectrum (5‐WBS) traits including neuroticism, depression, loneliness, life satisfaction, and positive affect, among adults with ASD may deepen our understanding of their well‐being, and lead to the possibility to further modify societal supportive mechanisms for individuals with ASD. This study aims to investigate if a genetic predisposition for ASD is associated with 5‐WBS traits using polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis. PRS for ASD were calculated based on the latest genome‐wide association study of ASD by the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium (18,381 cases, 27,969 controls) and were created in the independent cohort UK Biobank. Regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between ASD PRS and 5‐WBS traits in the UK Biobank population including 337,423 individuals. ASD PRS were significantly associated with all 5‐WBS traits, showing a positive association with the negative WBS traits, neuroticism (max R2 = 0.04%, p < 1 × 10−4), depression (max R2 = 0.06%, p < 1 × 10−4), loneliness (max R2 = 0.04%, p < 1 × 10−4), and a negative association with the positive WBS traits, life satisfaction (max R2 = 0.08%, p < 1 × 10−4), positive affect (max R2 = 0.10%, p < 1 × 10−4). The findings suggest that adults carrying a high load of risk single nucleotide peptides (SNPs) for ASD are more likely to report decreased well‐being. The study demonstrates a considerable connection between susceptibility to ASD, its underlying genetic etiology and well‐being.

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Happiness, self‐esteem, and prosociality in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from a UK population cohort study

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

The Status of Pro-social Tendency of Left-Behind Adolescents in China: How Family Function and Self-Esteem Affect Pro-social Tendencies

The Status of Pro-social Tendency of Left-Behind Adolescents in China: How Family Function and Self-Esteem Affect Pro-social Tendencies

Predictors of mental health and well‐being in employed adults with autism spectrum disorder at 12‐month follow‐up

Well‐being spectrum traits are associated with polygenic scores for autism

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