Hard tissue laser ablation mechanisms

Sobol, Emil N.; Serafetinides, A. A.; Makropoulou, M.; Helidonis, Emmanuel S.; Kavvalos, George

doi:10.1007/bf02133328

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Ultra‐short pulsed lasers show promising potential for various hard tissue surgical applications such as dental surgery, ear surgery, orthopedic surgery, craniotomies, and spinal surgery . Compared to conventional nanosecond or longer pulsed lasers, femtosecond pulsed lasers do not deposit as much heat in the sample, due to the fact that there are significant differences in the ablation mechanism between long pulsed lasers and femtosecond pulsed lasers . While the femtosecond ablation process is dominated by multiphoton absorption of light and the photo‐physical rupture of sample bonds, the nanosecond ablation process is governed by thermal processes that convert the sample from a solid state to a liquid, then to a gas, and finally to a plasma state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of laser repetition rate on femtosecond laser ablation of dry bone: a thermal and LIBS study

Gill

Smith

Lee

et al. 2015

Journal of Biophotonics

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The aim of this study is to understand the effect of varying laser repetition rate on thermal energy accumulation and dissipation as well as femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (fsLIBS) signals, which may help create the framework for clinical translation of femtosecond lasers for surgical procedures. We study the effect of repetition rates on ablation widths, sample temperature, and LIBS signal of bone. SEM images were acquired to quantify the morphology of the ablated volume and fsLIBS was performed to characterize changes in signal intensity and background. We also report for the first time experimentally measured temperature distributions of bone irradiated with femtosecond lasers at repetition rates below and above carbonization conditions. While high repetition rates would allow for faster cutting, heat accumulation exceeds heat dissipation and results in carbonization of the sample. At repetition rates where carbonization occurs, the sample temperature increases to a level that is well above the threshold for irreversible cellular damage. These results highlight the importance of the need for careful selection of the repetition rate for a femtosecond laser surgery procedure to minimize the extent of thermal damage to surrounding tissues and prevent misclassification of tissue by fsLIBS analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of laser repetition rate on femtosecond laser ablation of dry bone: a thermal and LIBS study

Gill

Smith

Lee

et al. 2015

Journal of Biophotonics

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“…Non-contact laser surgery has become a classical technique that is described in many textbooks. The peak of its study fell in the 1990s [2][3][4]. It is believed that laser surgery has survived the stage of studying exposure modes and has become a medical technology [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effect of Temperature Stabilization in Radiation–Heat Converters Based on a Strong Absorbing Coating

et al. 2021

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Light–heat converters are promising for further development of contact laser surgery. The simplest converter consists of an optical fiber with a strong absorbing layer at the tip. We studied the time dependence of the tip temperature at different CW laser powers and revealed that, in several seconds, the temperature evolution becomes almost power-independent. Mathematical modeling showed that laser ablation of the tip coating is the main reason for this phenomenon.

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“…There is no traumatic vibration, bone dust or metal abrasion in the incision during laser ablation. Aseptic and haemostatic effects can be expected by using some laser systems [1][2][3][4][5][6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo study on middle ear bone ablation with pulse CO 2 laser

et al. 2009

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To evaluate the feasibility of middle ear bone ablation in-vivo with pulse CO 2 laser. Healthy male New Zealand rabbits were used in the experiment. Middle ear mastoid bone of animal model was completely exposed by surgeon with conventional method, and then Pulse CO 2 laser with a wavelength of 10.6μm and pulse lengths of about 10ms was used to carry out the opening surgery. Laser fluence was 8.3 J/cm 2 with a repetition rates of 60 Hz, the beam diameter was 1.0 mm. After opening surgery, whole middle ear mastoid bone was obtained and processed with traditional histological method, the morphology changes and thermal damage around the opening window were examined by light microscope. Total operation time and light irradiation time were recorded. It showed that pulse CO 2 laser is suitable for the fenestration operation in middle ear bone, and this no-touch technique not only can obtain the similar outcome as traditional methods, but also present a lot of advantages compared to the traditional methods. With the development of laser technology and the appearance of relative instruments, especially when the thermal damage was efficiently controlled, fenestration operation in ear with laser systems will be possible in near future.

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Hard tissue laser ablation mechanisms

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

The effects of laser repetition rate on femtosecond laser ablation of dry bone: a thermal and LIBS study

The effects of laser repetition rate on femtosecond laser ablation of dry bone: a thermal and LIBS study

Investigation of the Effect of Temperature Stabilization in Radiation–Heat Converters Based on a Strong Absorbing Coating

In vivo study on middle ear bone ablation with pulse CO 2 laser

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