Hardened Concrete State Determination System Based on a Stainless Steel Voltammetric Sensor and PCA Analysis

Ibernon, Ana Martinez; Gasch, Isabel; Romero, Jose M. Gandia; Soto, Juan

doi:10.1109/jsen.2022.3167612

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The average sensor effective surface area was 2.99 ± 0.05 cm 2 ( Figure 2 ). The sensor’s design effectiveness has been evaluated in former works [ 23 , 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to develop a network of smart sensors, setting up stainless steel (SS) voltammetric sensors in such a network is very interesting, as demonstrated in former studies [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Moreover, SS is an economic and resistant material that allows sensors to be manufactured with bigger effective surface areas and at a lower cost than with other noble metals such as Au and Pt, which have been traditionally used to manufacture voltammetric sensors [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Humidity Variation and Electric Resistivity in Hardened Concrete by Means of a Stainless Steel Voltammetric Sensor

Martínez-Ibernón

Lliso-Ferrando

Gasch

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Reinforced concrete structures’ (RCSs) ageing and early deterioration are some of the main challenges faced by the building sector today, and steel bar corrosion is one of the main problems. In this phenomenon, water and concrete’s electric resistivity play a fundamental role. Therefore, developing sensor systems capable of estimating any variations in these parameters in real time and remotely would represent considerable progress in sustainably maintaining RCSs. Many types of sensors capable of estimating humidity variation and electrical resistivity in concrete currently exist, but the variability of these sensors’ sensitivity can be extreme depending on several factors; for example, temperature or presence of ions and their incorporation into smart monitoring systems, which is difficult. As an alternative to today’s sensors, this study centered on developing two estimation models by means of the response of a novel voltammetric stainless steel (SS) sensor. The estimation models were one of humidity variation and another of concrete’s electric resistivity. These models were calibrated, fitted and validated. In the validation, both these models explained a percentage of variance over 80%.

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“…The average sensor effective surface area was 2.99 ± 0.05 cm 2 ( Figure 2 ). The sensor’s design effectiveness has been evaluated in former works [ 23 , 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Humidity Variation and Electric Resistivity in Hardened Concrete by Means of a Stainless Steel Voltammetric Sensor

Martínez-Ibernón

Lliso-Ferrando

Gasch

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The results obtained with the sensors system were analysed via the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) [17,18]. This analysis was performed based on the data matrix obtained through the CV results.…”

Section: Sensor Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This analysis was performed based on the data matrix obtained through the CV results. This statistical tool allows to reduce the number of independent variables in a vector space of two dimensions, losing as less information as possible [17,18]. The axes of this new space are named Principal Components (PC).…”

Section: Sensor Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial proposal of a smart cement-based material to enhance the service-life of reinforcement concrete structures

2023

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The sustainable development of societies can be pursued by simultaneously avoiding the depletion of materials and resources and reducing the greenhouse gases emissions, with related climatic change effects. In order to get this, the extension of structures service-life plays a significant role in saving natural resources, decreasing the overall anthropogenic carbon-footprint, and reducing building and demolition wastes. In order to achieve such prolongation of structures service-life, one of the most promising approaches is the development of Smart Structures. These are defined as structures that are able to self-sense some external stimuli such as stress or temperature variations, and internal conditions such as chloride penetration, concrete carbonatation, etc. Consequently, ongoing damage phenomena can be detected promptly, thus allowing to implement suitable countermeasures in the most efficient way. Smart Structures can also process the information and respond autonomously in real time by using smart materials technologies such as self-healing technology. In this study we propose a preliminary version of a smart material system with self-healing and sensing properties, to demonstrate its effectiveness at a proof of concept level. The effectiveness of an active, capsule-based self-healing system in blocking chloride penetration through the crack and the effectiveness of voltametric Ag sensors in detecting the presence of chlorides were investigated experimentally. High-performance cement mortar was chosen as the material to be studied, in order to ensure that optimal behaviour could be observed in non-cracked conditions.

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Hardened Concrete State Determination System Based on a Stainless Steel Voltammetric Sensor and PCA Analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 67 publications

Estimation of Humidity Variation and Electric Resistivity in Hardened Concrete by Means of a Stainless Steel Voltammetric Sensor

Estimation of Humidity Variation and Electric Resistivity in Hardened Concrete by Means of a Stainless Steel Voltammetric Sensor

Initial proposal of a smart cement-based material to enhance the service-life of reinforcement concrete structures

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