Hardness effect on thermal fatigue damage of hot-working tool steel

Mellouli, Dhouha; Haddar, Nader; Köster, Alain; Ayedi, H.F.

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.06.007

Cited by 73 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, thermal fatigue (TF), the main cause of die failure during hot working (accounting for 70% of the failures in die casting [23,24]), has not received enough attention for the SLM processed H13. During the hot-working process, the dies are repeatedly subjected to heating/cooling cycles and mechanical loads that develop from the close contact between tools and hot workpieces (for instance, the temperature of molten aluminum during casting is 670-710 • C) [25,26]. Premature failures caused by TF degrade the quality of workpieces and increase the cost of dies significantly during the hot-working process [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Fatigue Properties of H13 Hot-Work Tool Steels Processed by Selective Laser Melting

Wang

Wei

et al. 2020

Metals

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Currently, selective laser melting (SLM) is gaining widespread popularity as an alternative manufacturing technique for complex and customized parts, especially for hot-work and injection molding applications. In the present study, as the major factors for the failure of H13 hot-work die steels during hot-working, thermal fatigue (TF) properties of H13 processed by SLM and a conventional technique were investigated. TF tests (650 °C/30 °C) were conducted on the as-selective laser melted (As-SLMed), thermally treated selective laser melted (T-SLMed), and forged (Forged) H13. Results show that the As-SLMed H13 exhibited the best TF resistance properties among the specimens herein (the shortest total crack length and highest hardness of 687 ± 12 HV5), whereas the Forged H13 exhibited the poorest TF resistance properties (the longest total crack length and lowest hardness of 590 ± 11 HV5) after TF tests. TF resistance properties were closely related to the initial and final hardness. Further microstructural investigations revealed that the typical cell-like substructures, increased amount of retained austenite, and most importantly, refined grain size were the main reasons for the improved TF resistance properties in the As-SLMed H13 compared to the Forged counterparts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Fatigue Properties of H13 Hot-Work Tool Steels Processed by Selective Laser Melting

Wang

Wei

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…Some of the prominent die failures noted includes washouts, soldering defects due to die-molten metal contact, and thermal cracks [4][5][6][7][8]. In mild conditions, materials can withstand thermal strains and their associated stress over many thermal cycles before cracking, but in severe conditions, cracks can develop within few cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally-Induced Crack Evaluation in H13 Tool Steel

Abdulhadi

Ahmad

Ismail

et al. 2017

Metals

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This study reported the effect of thermal wear on cylindrical tool steel (AISI H13) under aluminum die-casting conditions. The AISIH13 steels were immersed in the molten aluminum alloy at 700 • C before water-quenching at room temperature. The process involved an alternating heating and cooling of each sample for a period of 24 s. The design of the immersion test apparatus stylistically simulated aluminum alloy dies casting conditions. The testing phase was performed at 1850, 3000, and 5000 cycles. The samples were subjected to visual inspection after each phase of testing, before being examined for metallographic studies, surface crack measurement, and hardness characteristics. Furthermore, the samples were segmented and examined under optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The areas around the crack zones were additionally examined under Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS). The crack's maximum length and Vickers hardness profiles were obtained; and from the metallographic study, an increase in the number of cycles during the testing phase resulted in an increase in the surface crack formation; suggesting an increase in the thermal stress at higher cycle numbers. The crack length of Region I (spherically shaped) was about 47 to 127 µm, with a high oxygen content that was analyzed within 140 µm from the surface of the sample. At 700 • C, there is a formation of aluminum oxides, which was in contact with the surface of the H13 sample. These stresses propagate the thermal wear crack length into the tool material of spherically shaped Region I and cylindrically shape Region II, while hardness parameters presented a different observation. The crack length of Region I was about 32% higher than the crack length of Region II.

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Several research works related to thermal fatigue resistance of die materials (i.e. steels, cast irons) were carried out where reasons for initiation and growth of cracks at hot working dies (forging, die casting) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and hot working rolls [3][4][5][6]9,[31][32][33][34] were investigated using various laboratory tests. However, detailed knowledge about the influence of the stress state, the temperature and the oxidation on the initiation and propagation of thermal cracks in hot working applications is still lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the accuracy of achieving the prescribed test temperature and subsequent cooling rate are key factors that influence the quality of the obtained laboratory results and consequently also on an explanation of the crack initiation and their growth. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In this work the thermal fatigue resistance of Indefinite Chilled Double Poured (ICDP) cast iron for rolls at two different temperatures was studied using a new test rig with specially prepared test samples. The resistance to thermal fatigue at three different numbers of heatingcooling cycles were evaluated by measuring the average length of cracks, their density, average length of five largest cracks and the relevant microstructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the thermal fatigue resistance for 3.1C, 0.8Si, 0.9Mn, 1.7Cr, 4.5Ni and 0.3Mo ICDP cast iron roll at 600 °C

Terčelj¹,

Fajfar²,

Godec³

et al. 2017

Mater. Tehnol.

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Using a new test rig the characteristics related to the thermal fatigue resistance for ICDP (Indefinite Chill Double Pour) cast iron for hot working rolls was investigated. Tests were carried out at 600°C to obtain the characteristics of cracks at (500, 1000 and 1500) cycles. For comparative purposes, additionally a test at 500°C was carried out. The average length of all the cracks, their density, average length of five longest cracks and relevant microstructural characteristics for the mentioned cycles were determined. It was found that the cracks initiation and their growth are related to the cracking and spalling of the carbides, shape of graphite, distribution of carbides and graphite particles, oxidation, etc. The obtained results contribute to a better understanding of the thermal cracking of selected roll cast iron. Based on these results the suggestions for improving the thermal fatigue resistance for the cast iron roll are given. Keywords: roll cast iron, thermal fatigue, cementite, graphite, cracks Novo razvita naprava je bila uporabljena za raziskave lastnosti ICDP litega`eleza, ki so povezane z odpornostjo na termi~no utrujanjem. Zna~ilnosti razpok so bile dolo~ene po (500, 1000 in 1500) ciklih, pri 600°C. Za primerjavo je bilo izvedenih nekaj testiranj tudi pri 500°C. Na osnovi rezultatov testiranj je bilo za vsako {tevilo ciklov dolo~ena povpre~na dol`ina vseh dobljenih razpok, njihova gostota, povpre~na dol`ina petih najdalj{ih razpok, vklju~no z ostalimi relevantnimi mikrostrukturnimi zna~ilnostmi. Rezultati so pokazali, da sta nukleacija in rast razpok tesno povezana s pokanjem in drobljenjem karbidov, z geometrijo grafita, z volumsko porazdelitvijo karbidov ter grafitnih delcev, z oksidacijo, itd. Rezultati prispevajo k bolj{emu razumevanju termi~nega pokanja izbranega materiala za valje. Na osnovi predstavljenih rezultatov so podani predlogi za izbolj{anje odpornosti litega`eleza za valje na termi~no utrujanje.

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Hardness effect on thermal fatigue damage of hot-working tool steel

Cited by 73 publications

References 13 publications

Thermal Fatigue Properties of H13 Hot-Work Tool Steels Processed by Selective Laser Melting

Thermal Fatigue Properties of H13 Hot-Work Tool Steels Processed by Selective Laser Melting

Thermally-Induced Crack Evaluation in H13 Tool Steel

Characteristics of the thermal fatigue resistance for 3.1C, 0.8Si, 0.9Mn, 1.7Cr, 4.5Ni and 0.3Mo ICDP cast iron roll at 600 °C

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