Hardness of FRHC-Cu Determined by Statistical Analysis

Abstract

A statistical indentation method has been employed to study the hardness value of fire-refined high conductivity copper, using nanoindentation technique. The Joslin and Oliver approach was used with the aim to separate the hardness (H) influence of copper matrix, from that of inclusions and grain boundaries. This approach relies on a large array of imprints (around 400 indentations), performed at 150 nm of indentation depth. A statistical study using a cumulative distribution function fit and Gaussian simulated distributions, exhibits that H for each phase can be extracted when the indentation depth is much lower than the size of the secondary phases. It is found that the thermal treatment produces a hardness increase, due to the partly re-dissolution of the inclusions (mainly Pb and Sn) in the matrix.

Mechanical and microstructural characterization of MCrAlY coatings produced by laser cladding: The influence of the Ni, Co and Al content

“…Subsequently, the depth range used to calculate the characteristics of the single phases was evaluated through the observation and analysis of the acquired curves. In this way, we can ensure that the calculated hardness and elastic modulus values correspond to individual phases [4,27]. The Poisson's coefficient used for the Young's Modulus calculation was 0.3 for all tests.…”

Enhancing the mechanical features of clay surfaces by the absorption of nano-SiO2 particles in aqueous media. Case of study on Bronze Age clay objects

“…The aim of this study was to evaluate the improvement on the mechanical resistance of the surfaces of ancient clay pieces by the addition of commercial SiO 2 nanoparticles. The nanoindentation technique has shown an important development to measure the mechanical properties of several kind of materials including metals [15,32], ceramics [33][34][35] polymers [36][37][38] and wood products [39,40]. This technique has been also successfully used to study the conservation state of fragile heritage objects [20,25,31] and offer the possibility to study a small volume of material in order to understand the conservation state of the entire piece [41].…”

Mechanical Characterization of Copper-Copper Wires Joined by Friction Welding Using Instrumented Indentation Technique

“…As can be observed in Table 1 and Fig. 7, the composition of FRHC alloy, which contains a concentration in impurities (like lead) much greater than the ETP one, could produce a solid solution with appreciable concentration of lead precipitates and the presence of defects, such as microvoids and pores ( Ref 23,24). The influence of these defects on the hardness at nanometric and micrometric scale is analyzed from the comparison of instrumented indentation results at low and high indentation depths (300 and 2000 nm, respectively) in the central zone (Fig.…”