Hardware authentication based on PUFs and SHA-3 2^nd round candidates

Abstract

Abstract-Security features are getting a growing interest in microelectronics. Not only entities have to authenticate in the context of a high secure communication but also the hardware employed has to be trusted. Silicon Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) or Physical Random Functions, which exploits manufacturing process variations in integrated circuits, have been used to authenticate the hardware in which they are included and, based on them, several cryptographic protocols have been reported. This paper describes the hardware implementation of a symmetric-key authentication protocol in which a PUF is one of the relevant blocks. The second relevant block is a SHA-3 2 nd round candidate, a Secure Hash Algorithm (in particular Keccak), which has been proposed to replace the SHA-2 functions that have been broken no long time ago. Implementation details are discussed in the case of Xilinx FPGAs.Index Terms-Hash function, lightweight protocol, physically unclonable function, true random number generator.

Design and evaluation of a delay-based FPGA Physically Unclonable Function

“…PUFs are also used in the symmetric-key authentication protocol proposed by [12]. Finally, PUFs are applied to authentication of mobile sensor network nodes in [41].…”

Circuit authentication based on Ring-Oscillator PUFs

“…Since the PUF behavior depends on the system where it is included, the PUF has not been studied alone (as reported in other works) but has been analyzed inside a whole security system, similar to that described in [9]. The system contains the PUF structure, a pseudo-random number generator of 32 bits based on non-linear feedback shift registers, and a short version of Keccak [b=400] sponge hash function with line width of 8 bits and 18 rounds [10].…”

Design and evaluation of a delay-based FPGA physically unclonable function

“…There is particular interest in applying PUFs' ability to generate unique signatures to enhancing the security of RFID authentication-just a few examples are [9,5,2]. PUFs are also used in the symmetric-key authentication protocol proposed by [12]. Finally, PUFs are applied to authentication of mobile sensor network nodes in [41].…”