Hardware-Based Security Applications of Physically Unclonable Functions

Halak, Basel

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76804-5_6

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Later on, observing the results, if it matches the previously stored values, these third parties send the required key. [2] PUFs get stability over the readouts by utilising private key generation due to temperature variations, noise, and voltage variations, whereas PUF responses are not used directly as cryptographic keys. To overcome the problem of not using PUF responses, the two-phase algorithm is implemented, i.e., key generation and key extraction phases.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas PUFs offer a high level of protection within low-cost authentication and without loading secret keys to the internet of things (IOT). [2] conclusIons This paper discussed serial physically unclonable functions (PUF), similar unclonable functions, and the design of a two-level finite state machine (FSM) using ring oscillators, scrambler, counters, and delay-based arbiter. In addition to this, we also focused on methodology, properties and applications of physically unclonable functions.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Whereas PUFs are noisy where the response of PUF can be affected by environmental conditions like voltage drifts, temperature changes and so on. The reported PUFs like optical PUF, ring oscillator PUF, butterfly PUF; multiplexer PUF; SRAM PUF, sensor PUF and bi-stable ring PUF [2] are not 100% stable. The existing models of PUFs are remote authentication and local authentication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Physically Unclonable Functions Using Two-Level Finite State Machine

2023

VLSI

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The usage of physically unclonable functions is for authentications, identification applications, signature generation, I.C. metering, and cryptographic key generation. Moreover, the utilization of smart devices is also growing, which is associated with security threats and alerts. The critical feature of PUF is reliance on random variations in the fabricated hardware to derive a known random key. These acquire error-correcting methods to generate PUFs responses across different temperatures. Recently, many PUF designs concentrate on exploiting design variations intrinsic to CMOS technology. Furthermore, PUFs are emerging with nanotechnology, which is not fully developed, but they are expected to develop further. This paper discusses a two-level finite-state machine that is proposed to correct erroneous bits created by temperature variations. In contrast, every response of PUF is mapped to a key during the initial stage of design, but the actual resolution is determined after the completion of chip fabrication; this is because the key is not known to the foundry; this approach prevents counterfeiting. In addition, to change keys, the challenges of the PUF have to change. Thus, access can be modified further, which gives more flexibility in securing utilized chips. We used a cadence tool to execute this proposed design, which produces software, hardware and silicon structures for I.C. designing systems on chips and printing circuit boards.

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Physically Unclonable Functions Using Two-Level Finite State Machine

2023

VLSI

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“…The use of PUF for building entity-authentication protocols has been extensively explored in the literature [20,21,22]. In general, each entity is provided with a PUF and the authentication scheme consists of two stages [23]:…”

Section: Physically Unclonable Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Supply Chain Management System for Counterfeit Mitigation using Blockchain and PUF

Aniello¹,

Halak²,

Chai³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The complexity of today's supply chain, organised in several tiers and including many companies located in different countries, makes it challenging to assess the history and integrity of procured physical parts, and to make organisations really accountable for their conduct. This enables malicious practices like counterfeiting and insertion of back doors, which are extremely dangerous, especially in supply chains of physical parts for industrial control systems used in critical infrastructures, where a country and human lives can be put at risk.This paper aims at mitigating these issues by proposing an approach where procured parts are uniquely identified and tracked along the chain, across multiple sites, to detect tampering. Our solution is based on consortium blockchain and smart contract technologies, hence it is decentralised, highly available and provides strong guarantees on the integrity of stored data and executed business logic. The unique identification of parts along the chain is implemented by using physically unclonable functions (PUFs) as tamper-resistant IDs.We first define the threat model of an adversary interested in tampering with physical products along the supply chain, then provide the design of the tracking system that implements the proposed anti-counterfeiting approach. We present a security analysis of the tracking system against the designated

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“…These hardware token require two or even three factors for authentication: for example, a card reader for online banking may require the presence of the reader, the presence of the bankcard and the correct pin number to log in. There has been plenty of previous research into systems involving a hardware token and using one securely as part of a larger system [2], [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. This increases the strength of the authentication by needing multiple factors to be passed before access is allowed, however none of these factors require the intended user to be the one logging in.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Design and Analysis of a Biometric Authentication System Using Keystroke Dynamics

Cockell

Halak

2020

Cryptography

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this paper proposes a portable hardware token for user's authentication; it is based on the use of keystroke dynamics to verify users biometrically. The proposed approach allows for a multifactor authentication scheme, in which a user cannot be granted access unless they provide a correct password on a hardware token and their biometric signature. The latter is extracted while the user is typing their password. This paper explains the design rationale of the proposed system and provides a comprehensive insight in the development of a hardware prototype of the same. The paper also presents a feasibility study that included a systematic analysis based on training data obtained from 32 users. Our results show that dynamic keystroke can be employed to construct a cost-efficient solution for biometric user authentication with an average error rate of 4.5%

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Hardware-Based Security Applications of Physically Unclonable Functions

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Physically Unclonable Functions Using Two-Level Finite State Machine

Physically Unclonable Functions Using Two-Level Finite State Machine

Towards a Supply Chain Management System for Counterfeit Mitigation using Blockchain and PUF

On the Design and Analysis of a Biometric Authentication System Using Keystroke Dynamics

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