“…Corresponding to the number of viewpoints, the catadioptric stereo has to divide the camera’s field of view into smaller fields for multi-view, whereas it can provide a relatively long baseline width and large vergence angle between mirrored virtual cameras for accurate stereo measurement. Considering camera calibration and stereo rectification [ 68 , 69 ], several real-time catadioptric stereo systems have also been developed [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ]. However, most catadioptric stereo systems have not been used for an active stereo to expand the field of view for wide-area surveillance.…”