2017
DOI: 10.1587/elex.14.20170682
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Hardware Trojans classification based on controllability and observability in gate-level netlist

Abstract: This paper presents a hardware Trojan classification method that performs a static analysis in gate-level netlist. Based on the controllability and observability characteristics extracted in a circuit, the nets are clustered into two groups with the k-means method. Then inter-cluster distance is measured and taken as the major feature for Trojan identification. By combined with three other features in terms of circuit scale statistic number, a complementary representation of Trojan circuits is constructed. Fin… Show more

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Cited by 37 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…Since the trigger signals are generated first and then coupled with payload signal, there are always some signals, e.g. Trigger and O, in the Trojan circuit that stuck at one value most of the time which will be classified as Trojan signals by detection techniques such as [17,18,19].…”
Section: Proposed Trojan Design Schemesmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 3 more Smart Citations
“…Since the trigger signals are generated first and then coupled with payload signal, there are always some signals, e.g. Trigger and O, in the Trojan circuit that stuck at one value most of the time which will be classified as Trojan signals by detection techniques such as [17,18,19].…”
Section: Proposed Trojan Design Schemesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sandia combinational controllability reflects the difficulty of setting a signal line to a required logic value from primary inputs and combinational observability reflects the difficulty of propagating the logic value of the signal line to primary outputs [26]. Trojan signals are assumed to have high controllability/observability values in detections such as [17,18]. The controllability and observability in both SOP and POS keep in normal range since the firststage trigger signals of C mi can be any testable wires such as primary inputs, and the detailed values are present in Table II assuming that C mi have CC0 ¼ CC1 ¼ 1.…”
Section: Testability Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In 2007, D. Agrawal et al proposed the side-channel signal analysis detection method by using power, temperature and electromagnetic profiles to reflect HT effects [11]. Improving the detection precision by changing the profiles process algorithm [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. In 2011, Zhang proposed an on-chip Ring Oscillator Network (RON) for HT detection as a trusted hardware design.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%