Harmful algal blooms and public health

Grattan, Lynn M.; Holobaugh, Sailor; Morris, J. Glenn

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2016.05.003

Cited by 281 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…This theme aligns with other initiatives in the United States and Europe that highlight the need for integrated understanding of the health and environmental Grattan et al (2016) emphasized the need for transdisciplinary research on efficient illness prevention. They also recommended close communication and collaboration regarding this issue among HAB scientists, public health researchers, and local, state, and tribal health departments at academic, community outreach, and policy levels.…”

Section: Habs and Human And Animal Healthsupporting

confidence: 62%

GlobalHAB: A New Program to Promote International Research, Observations, and Modeling of Harmful Algal Blooms in Aquatic Systems

Berdalet¹,

Kudela²,

Urban³

et al. 2017

Oceanog.

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Section: Habs and Human And Animal Healthsupporting

confidence: 62%

GlobalHAB: A New Program to Promote International Research, Observations, and Modeling of Harmful Algal Blooms in Aquatic Systems

Berdalet¹,

Kudela²,

Urban³

et al. 2017

Oceanog.

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“…Some algal toxins (Table ) are more toxic per unit mass than cobra venom (Cheung, Liang, & Lee, ), are generally nonspecific, and can harm humans and many other animal taxa. Marine algal toxins commonly cause poisonings through the consumption of bioaccumulated toxins in fish and shellfish (Grattan, Holobaugh, & Morris Jr., ). Although acute poisoning of humans by fresh‐ and brackish‐water cyanotoxins is rare, livestock and are commonly killed because they drink bloom‐impacted waters (Henriksen, Carmichael, An, & Moestrup, ; Stewart, Seawright, & Shaw, ).…”

Section: Harmful Algal Bloomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients, eutrophication and harmful algal blooms along the freshwater to marine continuum

2019

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Agricultural, urban and industrial activities have dramatically increased aquatic nitrogen and phosphorus pollution (eutrophication), threatening water quality and biotic integrity from headwater streams to coastal areas world-wide. Eutrophication creates multiple problems, including hypoxic "dead zones" that reduce fish and shellfish production; harmful algal blooms that create taste and odor problems and threaten the safety of drinking water and aquatic food supplies; stimulation of greenhouse gas releases; and degradation of cultural and social values of these waters. Conservative estimates of annual costs of eutrophication have indicated $1 billion losses for European coastal waters and $2.4 billion for lakes and streams in the United States. Scientists have debated whether phosphorus, nitrogen, or both need to be reduced to control eutrophication along the freshwater to marine continuum, but many management agencies worldwide are increasingly opting for dual control. The unidirectional flow of water and nutrients through streams, rivers, lakes, estuaries and ultimately coastal oceans adds additional complexity, as each of these ecosystems may be limited by different factors. Consequently, the reduction of just one nutrient upstream to control eutrophication can allow the export of other nutrients downstream where they may stimulate algal production. The technology exists for controlling eutrophication, but many challenges remain for understanding and managing this global environmental problem.

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“…Additionally, this regulation establishes maximum limits of 1.0 µg L -1 of microcystins and cylindrospermopsin, and 3.0 µg L -1 of saxitoxins in these water sources (Brazil, 2011). However, further efforts are still needed to monitor these toxins, as well as public policies focused on populations with risk of contamination, since reports of toxin-producing species and the registration of newly affected regions have increased in recent years (Grattan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacterial blooms in freshwaters bodies in a semiarid region, northeastern Brazil: A review

2017

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Harmful cyanobacterial blooms have caused several problems in freshwater environments due to their prolific growth and the harmful cyanotoxins produced by some species. The occurrence of these organisms has increased in recent decades due to climate change and eutrophication, although most studies are from temperate regions in the Northern hemisphere. This review presents data about cyanobacteria occurrence, dominance, and toxicity events in freshwater bodies in a semiarid region of Northeast Brazil, in the tropical Southern hemisphere. We performed a literature survey of cyanobacteria publications from 1930 to 2016. We made a list of all the dominant species registered in each state, noted their distribution and occurrence of dominance events involving one or more species, and the registered records of toxic blooms, including information about the toxins involved and the range of values. We selected 102 publications that described cyanobacteria Accepted Article www.jlimnol.it occurrence from states in Northeast Brazil; these publications included relevant contributions regarding cyanobacteria distribution, richness, density, and biomass. Forty-nine dominant species were recorded, with the most representation found in the state of Pernambuco (30 spp.). The genera with the highest occurrences were Microcystis, Cylindrospermopsis, Planktothrix, Dolichospermum (=Anabaena), and Geitlerinema, especially the species Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Microcystis aeruginosa, and Planktothrix agardhii. Episodes of toxic blooms were observed in four states. Microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, saxitoxins, and anatoxin-a(S) were found to be associated with these blooms. In Northeast Brazil, harmful cyanobacterial blooms are common in urban and public reservoirs. However, in recent years, cyanobacterial blooms in this region have been more intense and perennial, with high biomass occurring throughout the year.

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Harmful algal blooms and public health

Cited by 281 publications

References 82 publications

GlobalHAB: A New Program to Promote International Research, Observations, and Modeling of Harmful Algal Blooms in Aquatic Systems

GlobalHAB: A New Program to Promote International Research, Observations, and Modeling of Harmful Algal Blooms in Aquatic Systems

Nutrients, eutrophication and harmful algal blooms along the freshwater to marine continuum

Cyanobacterial blooms in freshwaters bodies in a semiarid region, northeastern Brazil: A review

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