Harnessing Foot Mechanics: The Role of Lacing Techniques in Enhancing Comfort and Reducing Injury Risk

Abstract

Background: Lacing techniques are often viewed as a functional necessity, but recent research has highlighted their role as a customization tool for foot health and comfort. This review synthesizes findings from studies examining the biomechanical effects of different lacing patterns on pressure distribution, tendon loading, and foot mechanics. Methods: We analyzed studies that investigated various lacing techniques, including tightness and patterns. Objective measurements, such as pressure insoles and cadaveric models, were used to quantify the effects. Diverse study populations, including individuals with foot health concerns and athletes, were considered. This study was conducted as a scoping review following the JBI methodology, adhering to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results: The studies collectively reveal that lacing patterns significantly influence dorsal pressure distribution during activities like running. Customized lacing can optimize foot biomechanics, reducing the risk of injuries related to abnormal pressure distribution. A total of 27 records were identified from the initial search. After removing duplicates and screening, four articles were included in the final review. Additionally, certain lacing configurations were found to reduce peak Achilles tendon tension, a crucial finding for injury-prone individuals. Conclusions: Proper lacing techniques are not just a functional aspect but a means to enhance foot health and prevent injuries. Healthcare professionals can provide personalized lacing recommendations to patients, with implications for those with specific foot conditions, athletes, and individuals at risk of injuries. The importance of patient education on the significance of lacing techniques cannot be overstated, emphasizing the need for informed choices when lacing shoes. These findings underscore the multifaceted role of lacing techniques in promoting foot health and well-being.