Harnessing silicon facet-dependent conductivity to enhance the direct-current produced by a sliding Schottky diode triboelectric nanogenerator

Ferrie, Stuart; Darwish, Nadim; Gooding, J. Justin; Ciampi, Simone

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105210

Cited by 47 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The highly polarized water molecules can work as conductive dielectric medium, where the distribution of electron density resembles the picture of black holes [ 45 ]. Recent studies about the dynamic metal-semiconductor junction [ 46 – 48 ], semiconductor-semiconductor junction [ 49 – 51 ], and other semiconductor system [ 52 – 61 ] provide an inspiration to explore the electronic dynamics at the dynamic water/semiconductor junction interface [ 62 , 63 ]. In particular, we have proposed the physical phenomenon of the carriers rebounding in the dynamic junction generator with ultrahigh built-in electric field at the semiconductor interface [ 49 – 51 ], which can instantaneously polarize the water molecules in the semiconductor interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarized Water Driven Dynamic PN Junction-Based Direct-Current Generator

Yan

et al. 2021

Research

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There is a rising prospective in harvesting energy from the environment, as in situ energy is required for the distributed sensors in the interconnected information society, among which the water flow energy is the most potential candidate as a clean and abundant mechanical source. However, for microscale and unordered movement of water, achieving a sustainable direct-current generating device with high output to drive the load element is still challenging, which requires for further exploration. Herein, we propose a dynamic PN water junction generator with moving water sandwiched between two semiconductors, which outputs a sustainable direct-current voltage of 0.3 V and a current of 0.64 μA. The mechanism can be attributed to the dynamic polarization process of water as moving dielectric medium in the dynamic PN water junction, under the Fermi level difference of two semiconductors. We further demonstrate an encapsulated portable power-generating device with simple structure and continuous direct-current voltage output of 0.11 V, which exhibits its promising potential application in the field of wearable devices and the IoTs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarized Water Driven Dynamic PN Junction-Based Direct-Current Generator

Yan

et al. 2021

Research

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“…25 Also, there has been some recent research which has revealed this interesting phenomenon: the more leakage current under the static Schottky junction, the larger the output current will be. 38,39 In order to explore the improvement of the generator performance, the output voltage and current of the generator versus the rotation speed has been presented in Fig. 2b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21][22][23][24] In order to store energy and consume energy, the generator also needs an external rectifying circuit to change this into direct current. In contrast, direct current generators, [25][26][27][28] like nanogenerators, [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] which do not need an additional rectifying circuit to convert alternating current, [37][38][39] have greater potential and will be more efficient to power sensors directly. 40,41 However, for powering the distributed sensors in the IoTs and making the wind generator more convenient, there is an urgent need to invent a novel type of generator using a simpler device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind driven semiconductor electricity generator with high direct current output based on a dynamic Schottky junction

Zheng

et al. 2021

RSC Adv.

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“…realized a DC output by tapping the conductive AFM probe on the Si sample and proposed that the lateral variation in electrical rectification and concave surface curvature will maximize the DC output. [ 119 ] In particular, for the DC‐TENGs with MIS and SIS structures, the thickness of the insulation layer is an important factor affecting the output. [ 111 ] It can be observed in Figure 9i that the larger the thickness, the smaller the tunneling current.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Output Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 111 ] It can be observed in Figure 9i that the larger the thickness, the smaller the tunneling current. Furthermore, for DC‐TENG with tip‐plane configuration, reducing the radius of the tip will enhance the density of current output [ 114,119 ] and using a nanosize tip could generate an ultrahigh current density. [ 91,120 ] These conclusions are very important for the structure design of new devices in the future.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Output Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Song

Wang

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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become a more serious issue. [1-3] Efficient conversion of ambient neglected energy into electricity has been a research hotspot from last decade. [4-18] In particular, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on coupling the contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction possesses incomparable superiority in harvesting low frequency and micro mechanical energy. [19-21] Various environmental based mechanical energy including human motion, [22-30] rotating motion, [31,32] vibration, [33-38] water drop, [39,40] sea wave, [41-44] and wind, [45-56] can be harvested effectively with TENGs. Moreover, the self-powered systems without external power supply, [57-59] can be built based on TENG, [60-68] which can be applied to environmental surveillance, [60-62] chemical detection, [62-64] tracking system, [65,66] liquid volume monitoring, [67] electronic skin, [68] etc. In conventional TENGs, a pulsed alternating current (AC) output is obtained by changing the distance or contact area periodically between the materials with opposite electrostatic charges. [69-73] In order to obtain direct current (DC) output, some necessary rectification methods are needed, such as power management circuits, [47,74-76] rectifier bridge, [77-82] and electric brushes, [83,84] which will reduce the portability and energy utilization efficiency. [85] Moreover, the pulsed AC output leads to a high crest factor (the ratio between the peak and the root-mean square value of output), which means the output is unstable. [86,87] These inherent output characteristics of the conventional TENGs can seriously affect its widespread applications in driving electronics and charging energy storage devices where DC output is most appropriate. In this case, the novel strategies and technologies for converting mechanical energy directly into DC electric energy are essential. Lately, various types of DC triboelectric nanogenerators (DC-TENGs) with new frictional materials and different structures are introduced. [88-91] The concept of DC-TENG as illustrated in Figure 1, describes that the mechanical energy is harvested and converted into constant DC electric power, which is suitable to power electronic equipment or charge energy storage devices. In the future, this promising research field will also attract more and more scientific efforts. The progress and development of DC-TENG is summarized in this paper, which begins with the development and working mechanisms of the insulator-based DC-TENG by phase coupling and dielectric breakdown. The DC voltage output of various insulator-based DC-TENGs can reach up to kV, and its crest factor is close to 1. Thereafter, the semiconductor-based DC-TENG with lower internal impedance and higher output current density is introduced. The charge transfer process in

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Harnessing silicon facet-dependent conductivity to enhance the direct-current produced by a sliding Schottky diode triboelectric nanogenerator

Cited by 47 publications

References 35 publications

Polarized Water Driven Dynamic PN Junction-Based Direct-Current Generator

Polarized Water Driven Dynamic PN Junction-Based Direct-Current Generator

Wind driven semiconductor electricity generator with high direct current output based on a dynamic Schottky junction

Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators

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