Harvest Security and Intraspecific Diversity in Traditional Tropical Agriculture

Clawson, David L.

doi:10.1007/bf02861175

Cited by 151 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This decrease in the number of yam varieties maintained by farmers is worrisome because it is directly related to the loss of genetic resources and the process of genetic erosion. However, in general, we found several varieties of D. trifida maintained by farmers located in the study areas, which characterizes the type of agriculture practiced in the tropics, where several crop species or varieties of the same species are kept in rural farms by small and medium farmers (Clawson, 1985;Brush, 1995), in response to economic, social, cultural and natural factors (Cox and Wood, 1999).…”

Section: Distribution and Socioeconomic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Distribution, management and diversity of the endangered Amerindian yam (Dioscorea trifida L.)

et al. 2015

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The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of Dioscorea trifida in Brazil and to obtain information concerning its distribution, management and diversity. Farmers from 21 communities were interviewed in the states of São Paulo, Santa Catarina and Mato Grosso. During the visits, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect socio-economic, management and diversity data for this crop. Fifty-one collected accessions, plus two accessions obtained at local markets of Amazonas, were characterized using 12 morphological traits. Most the interviewed farmers were men (75%) with a mean age of 59.5 years. Just a few young people and labor force were available for agricultural activities, with an average of only three individuals per farm. Most farmers (56%) grew only one variety of D. trifida, although 44% had more than one variety in their fields, which aims to provide greater assurance at harvest. Many popular names were observed for D. trifida, and cará roxo (purple yam) was the name most used by farmers (43.4%). Characters referring to the tuber, such as skin and flesh color, were most relevant for the distinction of the accessions. The results of this study may collaborate to develop strategies for conservation, both ex situ and in situ, within the view of on farm conservation. Keywords

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Section: Distribution and Socioeconomic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Distribution, management and diversity of the endangered Amerindian yam (Dioscorea trifida L.)

et al. 2015

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“…Such genetic diversity provides security to farmers against diseases, pests, droughts, and other stresses and also allows farmers to exploit the full range of agroecosystems existing in each region that display differences in soil quality, altitude, slope, water availability, etc. Genetic diversity heightens stability of the cropping systems and enables farmers to exploit different microclimates and to derive multiple nutritional and other uses from the genetic variation among the species (Clawson 1985;Perfecto et al 2009). Rural women have traditionally carried out much of the biodiversity field conservation activities.…”

Section: Agroecological Features Of Smallholder Farming Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroecologically efficient agricultural systems for smallholder farmers: contributions to food sovereignty

Altieri

Funes-Monzote

Petersen³

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

590

319

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The realization of the contribution of peasant agriculture to food security in the midst of scenarios of climate change, economic and energy crisis, led to the concepts of food sovereignty and agroecologically based production systems to gain much attention in the developing world in the last two decades. New approaches and technologies involving application of blended modern agricultural science and indigenous knowledge systems and spearheaded by thousands of farmers, NGOs, and some government and academic institutions are proving to enhance food security while conserving agrobiodiversity soil and water resources conservation throughout hundreds of rural communities in the developing world. Case studies from Cuba, Brazil, Philippines, and Africa are presented to demonstrate how the agroecological development paradigm based on the revitalization of small farms which emphasizes diversity, synergy, recycling and integration, and social processes that value community participation and empowerment, proves to be perhaps one of the only viable options to meet present and future food needs. Given the present and predicted near future climate, energy and economic scenarios, agroecology has emerged as one of the most robust pathways towards designing biodiverse, productive, and resilient agroecosystems available today.

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“…Transaction costs have been described in relation to maize markets (de Janvry, Sadoulet and Gordillo, 1995; Key, Sadoulet and de Janvry, 2000), and a diversity of crops and services associated with maize are typically non-tradable (Clawson, 1985;Martínez et al, 1995;Evangelista, 1998). 10 However, enormous geographical heterogeneity suggests that the particular combination of market imperfections affecting this sector varies widely.…”

Section: Study Site and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsistence Response to Market Shocks

Dyer

Boucher

Taylor

2006

American J Agri Economics

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Microeconomic models posit that transaction costs isolate subsistence producers from output market shocks. We integrate microeconomic models of many heterogeneous households into a general equilibrium model and show that supply on subsistence farms may respond, in apparently perverse ways, to changes in output market prices. Price shocks in markets for staple goods are transmitted to subsistence producers through interactions in factor markets. In the case presented, a decrease in the market price of maize reduces wages and land rents, stimulating maize production by subsistence households; however, real incomes of subsistence households fall. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.

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Harvest Security and Intraspecific Diversity in Traditional Tropical Agriculture

Cited by 151 publications

References 26 publications

Distribution, management and diversity of the endangered Amerindian yam (Dioscorea trifida L.)

Distribution, management and diversity of the endangered Amerindian yam (Dioscorea trifida L.)

Agroecologically efficient agricultural systems for smallholder farmers: contributions to food sovereignty

Subsistence Response to Market Shocks

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