Harvesting of Scenedesmus sp. after phycoremediation of meat processing wastewater; optimization of flocculation and chemical analysis of biomass

Abstract

Meat production is associated with the generation of huge quantities of meat processing wastewater (MPWW) which has high concentrations of nutrients. The utilization of Scenedesmus sp. in the phycoremediation process to treat MPWW has attracted growing interest, but there is inadequate information on the management of biomass of this microorganism. This study aims to optimize the harvesting of Scenedesmus sp. biomass generated during phycoremediation through flocculation with alum and its potential biomass by-product. The removal rates of the chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and orthophosphate were 99.16% (R 2 = 0.95), 97.19% (R 2 = 0.91), 93.91% (R 2 = 0.96), 97.25% (R 2 = 0.85) and 99.38% (R 2 = 0.9517), respectively. From the result, the best coagulant for recovery efficiency (97.54%) was recorded at pH 8.6 with 116.85 mg L −1 alum. Three major chemical compoundstetradecanoic, oleic and dodecanoic acidswere recorded in the extraction of Scenedesmus sp. biomass (as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis; these have the potential for use in the cosmetic and medical industries. The main functional groups in the harvested biomass were OH, CH, CO -C and CH CH. It can be concluded that the flocculation method was the most efficient compared to filtration process for recovering Scenedesmus sp. biomass owing to the absence of toxic by-products.

Biowastes of slaughterhouses and wet markets: an overview of waste management for disease prevention

“…The wastewater from slaughterhouses and wet markets also contains several toxic materials, such as nitrate, detergents, surfactants, and chloric anions, which are classified as emerging contaminants (Latiffi et al 2021 ). Both cationic and anionic surfactants are used in slaughterhouses for cleaning and disinfection purposes but are associated with increased total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in wastewater (Apandi 2020 ).…”

Evaluation of Improved Bioremediation Strategy for the Treatment of Abattoir Wastewater using Bacillus licheniformis ZUL012

“…Abattoirs use a lot of water in their processing operations (slaughtering and cleaning), which results in a lot of wastes (Bustillo-Lecompte et al, 2016). The slaughterhouse generates a large amount and a diverse range of biowastes, posing a high risk of contamination to the environment, disease outbreaks, and unsafe food safety (Al-Gheethi et al, 2021). The wastewater and solid wastes from the abattoirs are directly disposed into bodies of water and lands adjacent to the abattoirs, posing a significant ecological biohazard (Fearon et al 2014).…”

“…Meat processing effluents are recognized as harmful and threatening due to the complex composition of fibers, proteins, fats, and high organic content, as well as the pathogenic risk from fecal bacteria and potentially infectious carcasses (Chang et al, 2010;Bustillo-Lecompte et al, 2015;Bustillo-Lecompte and Mehrvar, 2017). In addition, wastewater from slaughterhouses contains a number of toxic materials, including nitrate, detergents, surfactants, and chloric anions, which are classified as emerging contaminants (Latiffi et al 2021). As a result, it necessitates specialized treatment for a safe and long-term release into the environment (Johns et al, 1995;Bustillo-Lecompte and Mehrvar, 2015).…”