Has Columbia Finally Found an Agrarian Reform that Works?

Berry, Albert

doi:10.4337/9781845429867.00015

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…One measure of wealth inequality, the gini index of land inequality, saw almost no change at all, increasing from 0.861 in 1960 to 0.874 in 2011 (Berry 2004; CEDE (UNIANDES)-IGAC-Universidad de Antioquia. 2012).…”

Section: Chapter 2-colombia's Paper Tiger: Land Reform In Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, property rights, an important economic and political institution, became stratified during the nineteenth century. Through the mid-nineteenth century, most of Colombia's land (75%) was in the public domain and owned by a fiscally weak state (Berry 2004;LeGrand 1986). Ironically, the passage of the homestead act of 1882, intended to promote an equal distribution of land, instead accelerated the stratification of land ownership; Colombians of means benefited the most from the legislation (LeGrand 1986;Nugent and Robinson 2010;Oquist 1980).…”

Section: Early Economic and Political Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Campesinos, on the other hand, are low-income farmers who use older techniques for farming, and dedicate at least part of their output to feeding their own families. Campesino agriculture, however, contributed about 50 percent of total agricultural output from (Berry 2004. This sector also provided the bulk of jobs generated by farming, as well as the majority of food products consumed by urban citizens during the twentieth century (Jaramillo 1998).…”

Section: The Emergence Of the Dual Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Members of the Conservative party voted for the reform in 1961 because it was largely a counterinsurgency strategy (Albertus and Kaplan 2013;Zamosc 1986). Half of all projects and 75% of new titles administered by INCORA in the 1960s were in the "red areas" of conflict, and its activities were coordinated with the armed forces (Berry 2004); very little was done in the areas of large latifundia (large estates)…”

Section: The State's Response: Land Reform Revisited In 1961mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Intersection of Violence and Land Inequality in Modern Colombia

Nelson¹

2019

Research in Political Sociology

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It is a pleasure to sit down and thank the many people who have contributed to this study.In particular, I would like to thank several scholars, both Colombian and American, who have shared their knowledge and enthusiasm for such a beautiful and complex country. James Robinson at Harvard University was quite helpful in putting me in contact with colleagues in Colombia, and in thinking about the idea of the frontier. Ana María Ibáñez at Universidad de los Andes in Bogotá was very generous in sharing the recent data on land gini collected by her team in collaboration with the geographic institute IGAC. Andres Zambrano at UCLA was kind enough to put me in contact with several of his colleagues in Colombia, and helped me to secure access to the CEDE-UNIANDES-IGAC data. Oliver Kaplan and Michael Albertus were also very generous, and shared their data on land reform enthusiastically.The Department of Sociology at UCLA, and Los Angeles more generally, have been my home for the past eight years. The research was made possible by fellowships from the Department of Sociology. My dissertation committee at UCLA has provided me with excellent guidance through what seemed at times an insurmountable process. Vilma Ortiz has been a warm and dedicated mentor, and helped me stick to this project when it felt like it was too hard to continue. Gabriel Rossman has provided incisive comments at each stage, and really helped tighten my thinking on networks and hierarchy, as well as broaden the scope theoretically; his breadth of knowledge is amazing. Mark Sawyer was a great outside member, and really helped me engage more with political science and political sociology, deepening my theoretical framework. My chair, César Ayala, has been with me since I began the program at UCLA, and has seen me through each stage of this process. He has provided encouragement and support throughout all of these stages, believing in me even in the periods when I lost focus. I would also x like to thank several of my fellow graduate students, without which I would not have been able to endure this process: in particular, Alex Huezo, Mateo Schoorl, Anthony Alvarez, and Dwight Davis. I am lucky to have found people I can call good friends while in graduate school. This dissertation is dedicated to my family: to my father, Carl, my mother Carmen and my brother Chris. They have provided me with endless love and support through the years, recharging me on trips home to Boulder with outdoor BBQs on our back deck, tennis games with my uncle Gustavo, hikes to Brainard Lake, ski trips to Telluride, trips to Ten Ten Brasserie and to Jax. My father started a program at UCLA in the Department of Geology in the 1970s. He inspired me to become a better thinker and to approach the world with patience and warmth and thoughtfulness. My mother has been my champion (even when she has embarrassed me), and has constantly shown me how to balance graduate school with the arts, and to become a more complete person. My brother has been an inspiration to me ever since we were litt...

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Section: Chapter 2-colombia's Paper Tiger: Land Reform In Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Early Economic and Political Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Emergence Of the Dual Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The State's Response: Land Reform Revisited In 1961mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Intersection of Violence and Land Inequality in Modern Colombia

Nelson¹

2019

Research in Political Sociology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Often INCORA granted claims for large landholdings even in the ‘new settlement regions’; thus unequal land distribution was in some areas ‘extended’ by ‘the titling programme’. Support for production growth and productivity improvements through rural infrastructural projects, credit programmes and technical aid also tended to favour commercial estates over smallholders (Felstehausen 1971, 167–75; Fajardo 1983, 102–5; Berry 2003, 12). The agrarian reform programme was clearly aimed at containing what counterinsurgency doctrines refer to as ‘growing pains’ (Clemis 2009, 164), i.e.…”

Section: Agrarian Change and The Colombian Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%