“…Before the existence of the FI-related accounting standards (before 1990), studies indicated that firms were hesitant to voluntarily disclose information about the use of FIs (Mahoney and Kawamura, 1995;Berkman et al, 1997;Grant and Marshall, 1997). However, after the introduction of FI-related accounting standards (IAS 32;IAS 30), research in the field of accounting and finance has examined their impact on the extent of FI disclosure (e.g., Roulstone, 1999;Chalmers and Godfrey, 2000;Chalmers, 2001;Dunne et al, 2004;Hamlen and Largay, 2005;Lopes and Rodrigues, 2006;Strouhal, 2009;Murcia andSantos, 2010, Tahat et al, 2016). Their results indicate that the extent of FI-related disclosure level was inconsistent across countries and years in developed and developing nations with poor FI disclosure in evolving markets 1 (Hamlen and Largay, 2005;Strouhal, 2009).…”