Has the survival of patients with glioblastoma changed over the years?

deSouza, Ruth-Mary; Shaweis, H; Han, Cheng; Sivasubramiam, V; Brazil, Lucy; Beaney, R. P.; Sadler, Gill; Al‐Sarraj, Safa; Hampton, Thomas H.; Logan, Jamie; Hurwitz, Victoria; Bhangoo, Ranjeev; Gullan, Richard; Ashkan, Keyoumars

doi:10.1038/bjc.2015.421

Cited by 66 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…PDT research has mainly focused on gliomas, the most common primary brain tumor in adults . Standard treatment is surgery followed by radiotherapy or chemotherapy, but this often results in local recurrence and limited survival . There is preclinical Phase I and Phase II data to suggest that PDT can improve outcomes for patients with gliomas .…”

Section: Efficacy For Solid Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic therapy for solid tumors: A review of the literature

Yanovsky

Bartenstein

Rogers

et al. 2019

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

173

102

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes a sensitizer agent and light to produce selective cell death. Dermatologists are familiar with PDT for the treatment of actinic keratoses and early nonmelanoma skin cancers, and recent studies have elucidated that PDT has resulted in improved morbidity and secondary outcomes for the treatment of various cancerous and precancerous solid tumors. Light source and dosimetry may be modified to selectively target tissue, and novel techniques such as fractionation, metronomic pulsation, continuous light delivery, and chemophototherapy are under investigation for further optimization of therapy. This article aims to review the expanding indications for PDT and demonstrate the potential of this modality to decrease morbidity and increase quality of life for patients. To illustrate these new indications, we provide a focused review of the latest literature on PDT for dermatologic and other solid tumors including gastrointestinal, peritoneal, lung, genitourinary, brain, breast, and head and neck. Data on efficacy, survival, and side effects vary across tumor types but support PDT for the treatment of numerous solid tumors. With new advances in PDT, indications for this therapeutic modality may expand.

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Section: Efficacy For Solid Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic therapy for solid tumors: A review of the literature

Yanovsky

Bartenstein

Rogers

et al. 2019

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

173

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Malignant gliomas are an aggressive form of brain cancer, in both humans and dogs, with a poor prognosis despite surgery, chemotherapy and ionising radiation [ 1 – 3 ]. In humans, the median survival time after diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common form of malignant glioma, is 15 months [ 4 ]. There is a clear need for more effective strategies for the treatment of GBM, but many drug trials fail because the pre-clinical animal models do not sufficiently represent the human disease [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal growth factor receptor activity is elevated in glioma cancer stem cells and is required to maintain chemotherapy and radiation resistance

2017

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Glioblastoma remains among the most aggressive of all human and canine malignancies, displaying high mortality rates and limited treatment options. We propose that given the similarities between canine and human gliomas, such as incidence of occurrence, histopathology, molecular characteristics, and response to therapy, that canine gliomas are a natural model of the human disease. A range of human and canine tumours have been shown to harbor specific subpopulations of cells with stem cell-like properties that initiate and maintain neoplasticity while resisting conventional therapies. Here, we show that both canine and human glioma cell lines contain a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and by molecular profiling highlight the important role of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway in canine CSCs. EGFR signaling is crucial in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, migration and survival. To date EGFR-targeted interventions alone have been largely ineffective. Our findings confirm that specifically inhibiting EGFR signaling alone has no significant effect on the viability of CSCs. However inhibition of EGFR did enhance the chemo- and radio-sensitivity of both canine and human glioma CSCs, enabling this resistant, tumourigenic population of cells to be effectively targeted by conventional therapies.

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“…Patients participating in clinical trials also appear to survive longer. This indicates that in the last 80 years survival improved by ~12 months, i.e., less than 5 days per year (deSouza et al, 2016). …”

Section: Towards Gene Therapy For Brain Tumors: Re-engineering the Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long and Winding Road

Löwenstein

Castro

2016

Neuropsychopharmacology: A Tribute to Joseph T. Coyle

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Malignant brain tumors are one of the most lethal cancers. They originate from glial cells and invade throughout the brain. Current standard of care involves surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and median survival is currently ~14–20 months post-diagnosis. Glioma tumors are highly infiltrative. Given that the brain immune system is deficient in priming systemic immune responses to glioma antigens present within the brain, we proposed to reconstitute the brain immune system to achieve immunological priming from within the brain. Two adenoviral vectors are injected into the resection cavity or remaining tumor. One adenoviral vector expresses the HSV-1 derived thymidine kinase which converts ganciclovir into a compound only cytotoxic to dividing glioma cells. The second adenovirus expresses the cytokine fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L). Flt3L differentiates precursors into dendritic cells and acts as a chemokine for dendritic cells. HSV-1/ganciclovir killing of tumor cells releases tumor antigens that are taken up by dendritic cells within the brain tumor microenvironment. Tumor killing also releases HMGB1, a TLR2 agonist that activates dendritic cells. HMGB1 activated dendritic cells, loaded with glioma antigens, migrate to cervical lymph nodes to stimulate a systemic CD8+ T cells cytotoxic immune response against glioma. This immune response is specific to glioma tumors, induces immunological memory, and does neither cause brain toxicity nor autoimmune responses. An IND was granted by the FDA on 4/7/2011. A Phase I, first in person, to test whether re-engineering the brain immune system is potentially therapeutic is ongoing.

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Has the survival of patients with glioblastoma changed over the years?

Cited by 66 publications

References 40 publications

Photodynamic therapy for solid tumors: A review of the literature

Photodynamic therapy for solid tumors: A review of the literature

Epidermal growth factor receptor activity is elevated in glioma cancer stem cells and is required to maintain chemotherapy and radiation resistance

The Long and Winding Road

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