Hashimoto Encephalopathy as a Complication of Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Fiore, Alixandria A; Pfeiffer, Wilson B; Rizvi, Syed A. A.; Cortes, Anais; Ziembinski, Conrad; Pham, Ronald; Graves, Stephanie J.; Patel, Urvesh D.

doi:10.1159/000494800

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…6,9 Recently, Blanchin et al reported that TPOAb from HE patients could bind cerebellar astrocytes in HE patients but not in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients. 11,12 This may support the role of TPOAb in the pathogenesis of HE. In addition, the titre of thyroidantibodies does not correlate with severity or improvement neurological illness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…2,3,10,14 Brain MRI may show abnormalities such as cerebral atrophy, focal cortical abnormality, diffuse subcortical abnormality and nonspecific subcortical focal white matter abnormality. 3,12,14 In our patient the diagnosis of HE was made by the noted high serum thyroid peroxidase antibodies, slow background diffusion of waves shown by EEG, positive neurological symptoms, normal MRI, after excluding all other potential causes. Steroid is the first line therapeutic choice, proved to be the most successful and effective treatment method for HE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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A case report on Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: an autoimmune neuroendocrine disorder

et al. 2020

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Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) is a rare neuroendocrine disorder with high titers of the thyroid antibodies. HE is more common to women than in men with a ratio of approximately 5:1. The estimated prevalence of HE was 2 per 100,000 people. We present a case of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy in a 24-year-old male patient known case of hypothyroidism admitted with the complaints of unconsciousness, and further developed seizure during admission. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal, electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed slow diffusion, and the serum thyroid function test showed a high concentration of anti-thyroid antibodies. The patient had a good recovery after the management with steroid therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A case report on Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: an autoimmune neuroendocrine disorder

et al. 2020

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“…The clinical features are various, with a wide spectrum ranging from weakness to severe psychiatric disorders (Fiore et al, 2019; Netuluri et al, 2018). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of HE with hypochondriacal delusions as a sole manifestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy Revealed by Hypochondriacal Delusion: A Case Report Involving a Male Patient

et al. 2020

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Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) is a rare autoimmune disorder. It associates encephalopathy with autoimmune thyroiditis, presenting abnormal elevations of thyroid antibodies. It is more common in females. It can present with various symptoms, including seizures, myoclonus, psychosis, hallucinations, and mood disturbances. Hypochondriacal delusion is an unusual clinical presentation of this disorder. The authors report a case of HE in a male patient whose clinical presentation was dominated by hypochondriacal delusion. The absence of response to antipsychotics, high serum antithyroid peroxidase antibodiesof about 199 UI/ml, the normality of magnetic resonance imaging, and improvement with corticosteroids confirmed the diagnosis. This neuroendocrine disorder is often misdiagnosed and it represents a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. It should be considered in patients presenting a refractory or an atypical neuropsychiatric disorder and having a family history of autoimmune disease.

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“…Patients may experience excessive irrita-bility or heaviness, sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression [1,3,6]. Myopathy, neuropathy, ataxia, and encephalopathy are often diagnosed with them [2,7]. The cause of these symptoms has not yet been identified, and the pathomechanism of these changes is still under investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, attention has been paid to the impact of hormone-compensated autoimmune thyroiditis on CNS function and the possibility of developing severe neurological complications in euthyroid patients. The severest of these is Hashimoto encephalopathy (EH) or SREAT (S-steroid responsive, E-encephalopathy, A-associated, T-autoimmune thyroiditis) [3,[7][8][9][10]. The causes of these disorders are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Visual and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Waliszewska‐Prosół

Ejma

2021

Journal of Immunology Research

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Background. The present study was aimed to evaluate parameters of visual and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (VEP, BAEP) in euthyreotic Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) patients without central nervous system involvement. Methods. 100 HT patients (92 women, 8 men), mean age 46.9 years, and 50 healthy controls. They underwent a neurological examination, thyroid hormone levels, thyroid autoantibody titers, and brain imaging. Latencies and amplitudes of the N75, P100, and N145 component of VEP and the I-V components of BAEP were analyzed. Results. The neurological examination revealed in 31 patients signs of increased neurovegetative excitability. Brain resonance imaging showed no abnormalities in HT patients. The mean P100, relative P100, and N145 VEP latencies were significantly longer, and P100 amplitude significantly higher in HT patients than the controls. HT patients also had a longer mean wave BAEP V latency and mean wave III-V and I-V interpeak latencies, and significantly lower mean wave I and V amplitudes. Abnormal VEP and BAEP were recorded in 34% of the patients. There were no statistically significant correlations between the mean VEP parameters and thyroid profile and the applied dose of L-thyroxine. There was a relationship between the level of TSH and the wave BAEP III-V interpeak latency. Conclusions. There were changes in the brain’s bioelectrical activity in one-third of the patients with HT without nervous system involvement. The increased amplitude of the VEP may indicate increased cerebral cortex activity. Disorders of the brain’s bioelectrical activity in the course of HT may be associated with an autoimmune process.

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Hashimoto Encephalopathy as a Complication of Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

A case report on Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: an autoimmune neuroendocrine disorder

A case report on Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: an autoimmune neuroendocrine disorder

Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy Revealed by Hypochondriacal Delusion: A Case Report Involving a Male Patient

Assessment of Visual and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

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