Hate Speech: A Call to Principles

Klepper, William M.; Bakken, Timothy A.

doi:10.2202/1949-6605.1035

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, in the absence of data on hate crime convictions, which might be a relatively reliable measure of the rate and existence of hate crimes, researchers have had to focus almost exclusively on evaluating the effects of hate crime incidents . Moreover, researchers have narrowed their work further by frequently investigating only the plight of hate crime victims (Barnes & Ephross, 1994), especially students (Downey & Stage, 1999 ;Klepper & Bakken, 1997 ;Herek & Berrill, 1992) and gay and lesbian persons (Comstock, 1991 ;Dean, Wu, & Martin, 1992 ;Herek & Berrill, 1992 ;Jenness & Kendal, 1997 ;von Schulthess, 1992 ;Ward, 1997 ;Wertheimer, 1992) . While much important research has been conducted, there is still a `lack of empirical investigation of hate crime' (Hailer-Markel, 1998) .…”

Section: Existing Problems With Hate Crime Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Hate Crime Legislation: Unproven Benefits and Unintended Consequences

Bakken

2002

International Journal of Discrimination and the Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite most states' widespread adoption in the past 10 years of hate crime laws, researchers and policy-makers have been unable to measure the actual incidence or types of hate crimes being committed. Simply, there are no national data available on arrests or convictions for hate crimes. Ironically, while virtually all researchers have reported that hate crime has been increasing, the findings reported in this article indicate that hate crime incidents appear to have decreased 25% in the past 5 years. Also, despite the intent of legislators, the findings indicate that black persons comprise the only racial group, as identified by the FBI and Census Bureau, that are characterized as hate crime offenders (20% of the total number of offenders) in a proportion greater than their proportion in the general population (13%). It was concluded that to determine the actual implications of hate crime legislation, especially on minority group members, researchers might consider adopting a new methodology .

show abstract

Section: Existing Problems With Hate Crime Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Hate Crime Legislation: Unproven Benefits and Unintended Consequences

Bakken

2002

International Journal of Discrimination and the Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Addressing Hate Speech and Hate Behaviors in Codes of Conduct: A Model for Public Institutions

Neiger¹,

Palmer²,

Penney³

et al. 1998

NASPA Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As part of a larger study, the~esea~ckeys collected campus codes pyokibiting hate cyimes, wkich weye then reviewed by one of the autkoys, an attorney witk extensive expedience in First Amendment case law, to detwmine whetker tke codes presented constitutional problems. Based on tkis review, tke autkors developed a model policy tkat is content neutral and does not use language tkat could be vimed as unconstitutionally vague or broad. Tkis model can pyovide institutions witk guidelines fo~dyajing constitutionally sound codes.Hate speech and behavior are among the contempor~campus issues most detriment to the development of a sense of communi~. CoHeges and universities reflect a larger socie~that is experiencing a dramatic increase in the incidence of hate speech and behavior. The National htituteAgainst Pr@u&ce and Violence (1989) reported that ethnoviolence

show abstract

Hate Speech: A Call to Principles

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Hate Crime Legislation: Unproven Benefits and Unintended Consequences

The Effects of Hate Crime Legislation: Unproven Benefits and Unintended Consequences

Addressing Hate Speech and Hate Behaviors in Codes of Conduct: A Model for Public Institutions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About