Hauling Mortality of Threadfin Shad Reduced with M.S. 222 and Salt

Collins, J. L.; Hulsey, Andrew H.

doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1963)25[105:hmotsr]2.0.co;2

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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Section: Osmoregulatory Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of these conditions, a general procedure for transporting many freshwater fish is to add salts to their transport water. Many studies have documented the advantages of using salt during and after the transport of various species (Collins & Hulsey 1963;Tomasso et al 1980;Johnson & Metcalf 1982;Carmichael et al 1984;Mazic et al 1991;Barton & Zitzow 1995;Swanson et al 1996). In freshwater, salt (NaCl) has the potential to alleviate or reduce osmoregulatory dysfunction by decreasing the gradient between the water and the fish blood (Mazic et al 1991).…”

Section: Osmoregulatory Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods for reducing stressors and maintaining water quality associated with live fish transport in tanks: a review of the basics

Harmon

2009

Reviews in Aquaculture

212

167

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Fish culture operations, public aquariums, fish biologists and aquatic researchers often have the need to transport live fish. These fish are frequently transported in live‐haul boxes by ground transportation. Activities involved with transporting fish, such as handling, confinement and exposure to sub‐optimal water quality, have the potential to create physiological changes in the fish because of increased stress. Because of the affiliation between stress and fish health, it is important to minimize the amount of potential stressors as well as to minimize the duration of exposure to stressors during these procedures. Furthermore, understanding aberrant environmental conditions and how they affect fish often leads to establishing new protocols that reduce stress. Increased survival rates and the arrival of healthy fish are dependent on transport and on the pre‐handling and post‐handling procedures associated with fish‐hauling operations.

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Section: Osmoregulatory Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Osmoregulatory Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for reducing stressors and maintaining water quality associated with live fish transport in tanks: a review of the basics

Harmon

2009

Reviews in Aquaculture

212

167

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“…The use of mild salt solution, either alone or with anaesthetic, for transporting fish to reduce mortality in transit has been widely tested with generally positive results (e.g. Collins & Hulsey, 1963;Hattingh et al, 1975;Coetzee & Hattingh, 1977;Murai et al, 1979). also reported that a mild salt (n = 15); the initial sample had n = 12.…”

Section: Anaesthetization Prior To Handling And/or Use Of Salt and Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma cortisol stress response in fingerling rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, to various transport conditions, anaesthesia, and cold shock

Barton

Peter

1982

Journal of Fish Biology

198

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Plasma cortisol levels of fingerling rainbow trout were measured as an index of the stress resulting from various procedures used for transport of the fish for stocking. When transported under ' normal ' conditions, which included water at the hatchery acclimation temperature (10-1 1" C), 0, saturation or supersaturation, and neutral pH, there was a marked increase in plasma cortisol levels within 0.5 h, which was maintained over the next 4 h of transport; there was a significant decrease in plasma cortisol by 8 h of transport. It was found that the plasma cortisol levels at 4 and 8 h were not appreciably altered by transport under partial 0, desaturation, 0, saturation, 0, supersaturation, or 0.5% NaCI, or by anaesthesia with tricaine methanesulfonate (MS 222) prior to capture and transport in MS 222-free water or 0.5% NaCI. A 15 min exposure to an immobilizing dose ofbuffered or unbuffered MS 222, or 2-phenoxyethanol, caused an increase in plasma cortisol ofabout 2 h duration, indicating that anaesthetics are themselves stressful. Exposure to chilled water (1" C) caused a large increase in plasma cortisol levels by 4 h after initiation of exposure; plasma cortiso! had decreased at 1 day, and by 2 days a constant level was reached which was above the level in fingerling trout under ' normal ' hatchery conditions. Trout acclimated to chilled water for 24 h and transported in chilled water had an increase in plasma cortisol during transport. Anaesthesia prior to transport or addition of salt did not reduce the stress oftransport as judged by plasma cortisol levels. The results indicate that stress from capture and transport during stocking cannot be avoided using present methods.

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“…The relationships between anionic and cationic exchanges in stressed fish have not been defined. It does seem that ionic exchanges take place and are of considerable importance in maintaining fluid electrolyte balance and pH in stressed fish [Collins & Hulsey (1963); Wood & Randall (1973a, b).] The tag lesion would certainly result in major difficulties in osmotic control and ionic balance, as well as the possibility, in the severe muscle damage of the high temperature retest fish, of the severe renal tubular necrosis of the ' crush ' syndrome-if this occurs in fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The histopathology of salmon tagging

Morgan

Roberts

1976

Journal of Fish Biology

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Hatchery reared Atlantic salmon (Salmno saluv L.) parr were tagged with the standard T.C.E.S./I.C.N.A.F. salmon tag at water temperatures of 15" C and 6" C. They were then subjected to swimming trials in a tunnel respirometer. Following this treatment the 15" C fish developed necrotic infarcts around the tag insertions. Provided they did not become infected these lesions healed, but if the fish were retested 9 days later, the wound enlarged, became extremely inflamed, and the fish died soon after. This effect was not seen in 6" C fish.

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Hauling Mortality of Threadfin Shad Reduced with M.S. 222 and Salt

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Methods for reducing stressors and maintaining water quality associated with live fish transport in tanks: a review of the basics

Methods for reducing stressors and maintaining water quality associated with live fish transport in tanks: a review of the basics

Plasma cortisol stress response in fingerling rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, to various transport conditions, anaesthesia, and cold shock

The histopathology of salmon tagging

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