“Having the heart to be evaluated”: The differential effects of fears of positive and negative evaluation on emotional and cardiovascular responses to social threat

Weeks, Justin W.; Zoccola, Peggy M.

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.08.004

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In a recent experimental study, Weeks and colleagues found that participants with SAD exhibited gaze avoidance in response to both negative and positive social-evaluative video clips (Weeks, Howell, & Goldin, 2013). In another experimental study, Weeks and Zoccola (2015) reported that FPE and FNE measured prior to a speech task were both associated with subjective affective changes experienced by undergraduates during the task, but only FPE predicted changes in heart rate during the task. Moreover, researchers found that FNE was a significant predictor of anxiety in undergraduates who delivered an initial speech, but only FPE predicted anxiety in a second speech after receiving falsified positive, negative, or neutral feedback (Carter, Sbrocco, Riley, & Mitchell, 2012).…”

Section: Fear Of Positive Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reactions to Prospective Positive vs. Negative Evaluation in the Laboratory: A Comparison of High and Low Socially Anxious Participants

Barber

Moscovitch

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology

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We present a study designed to investigate fear of positive vs. negative evaluation within the context of a laboratorybased paradigm designed to evoke social threat. Eighty-nine undergraduates with high (n = 43) or low (n = 46) levels of trait social anxiety took part in a "getting acquainted" task. Participants rated their anxiety about receiving prospective positive vs. negative evaluation in anticipation of receiving public feedback on a filmed introduction of themselves that they had made for an unknown social partner whom they expected they would later meet. Results demonstrated, in contrast to extant theories of fear of positive evaluation in social anxiety, that all participants, including those with high levels of social anxiety, rated the prospect of positive evaluation as anxiety reducing. This finding raises important questions about the construct of fear of positive evaluation and how to measure it "in vivo" in an ecologically valid manner.

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Section: Fear Of Positive Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reactions to Prospective Positive vs. Negative Evaluation in the Laboratory: A Comparison of High and Low Socially Anxious Participants

Barber

Moscovitch

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology

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“…A naturalistic study using ecological momentary assessment showed that individuals high in FNE and FPE exhibit stronger negative affect in relation to stress with members of a wider social network (e.g., work colleagues; Reichenberger, Smyth, & Blechert, ). In experimental studies in undergraduate samples, individuals high in FPE showed higher levels of anxiety and negative affect/discomfort in response to an evaluated speech (Weeks & Zoccola, , 2016) or essay (Weeks et al., ) and to social‐evaluative film clips depicting positive statements (for an exception, see Miedl et al., ; Reichenberger et al., ; Weeks et al., ; Wiggert, Wilhelm, Reichenberger, & Blechert, ). Also using an evaluated speech as a stressor, Carter, Sbrocco, Riley, and Mitchell () showed that FPE levels in undergraduates did not predict anxiety increases from pre‐ to post‐speech better than FNE.…”

Section: Correlates Of Fpe: Personality Emotions Cognitions and Bementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on psychophysiological responses in individuals with high levels of FPE were rather inconsistent: Some studies found increased heart rate or self‐reported somatic symptoms (e.g., pounding heart, dizziness) in individuals with high levels of FPE in response to social stressors (Carter et al., ; Weeks & Zoccola, , ), other studies did not find differences in psychophysiological responses (cardiovascular, facial‐muscular, electrocortical; Wiggert et al., ) or reported even blunted cortisol responses (Weeks & Zoccola, ). Miedl et al.…”

Section: Correlates Of Fpe: Personality Emotions Cognitions and Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Malaise with praise: A narrative review of 10 years of research on the concept of Fear of Positive Evaluation in social anxiety

Reichenberger

Blechert

2018

Depress Anxiety

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Social anxiety is characterized by a fear of being negatively evaluated by others (i.e., Fear of Negative Evaluation [FNE]). In 2008, Weeks, Heimberg, and Rodebaugh proposed Fear of Positive Evaluation (FPE) as a second cognitive component in social anxiety. The article presents an overview of FPE, its psycho-evolutionary theoretical foundation and assessment by the Fear of Positive Evaluation Scale as well as relevant psychometric research on demographic characteristics. The relationship of FPE with a wide range of established dimensions from clinical, personality, and social psychology (i.e., self-esteem, perfectionism, or quality of life) will be reviewed. The role of FPE for psychological comorbidities such as other anxiety disorders, depression, eating, and substance use disorders as well as for treatment of social anxiety will be discussed. Future research might address questions of causality of FPE relative to related constructs, further data on psychometric properties, as well as on its independence from FNE in longitudinal studies. In sum, FPE seems to be a valid and reliable construct that explains cognitions, emotions, and behavior related to social anxiety at subclinical and clinical levels and therefore enriches the psychometric repertoire in the fields of social psychology, personality, and clinical psychology.

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“…In the present study, social stress was induced using speech tasks, which were designed based on the subtask (speech) of the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) as employed in past research (e.g., Hofmann, 2006;Jonsson et al, 2010;Weeks & Zoccola, 2015). Participants were given 30 sec to prepare a 5-min speech about a hypothetical scenario in which they had to verbally defend themselves against the threat of unemployment to two confederates.…”

Section: Socially Evaluative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between openness and physiological responses to recurrent social stress

Lü

Wang

Hughes

2016

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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The association between openness (assessed by shortened Chinese version of NEO Five-Factor Inventory, NEOFFI) and physiological reactivity to, and recovery from, social stress (a video-recorded, timed public speaking task with evaluators present in the room), and physiological adaptation to repeated social stress was examined in the present study. Subjective and physiological data were collected from 70 college students across five laboratory stages: baseline, stress exposure period 1, post-stress period 1, stress exposure period 2, and post-stress period 2. Results indicated that higher openness was associated with lesser heart rate (HR) reactivity to the first and second stress exposure, and lesser systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity to the second stress exposure. Higher openness was associated with higher resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), lesser RSA withdrawals to the first stress exposure, and more complete RSA recovery after the first stress exposure. Moreover, higher openness was associated with pronounced systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) adaptation with greater decreases in SBP and DBP reactivity across the two successive stress exposures. These findings might shed light on the biological basis linking openness to health.

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“Having the heart to be evaluated”: The differential effects of fears of positive and negative evaluation on emotional and cardiovascular responses to social threat

Cited by 28 publications

References 61 publications

Reactions to Prospective Positive vs. Negative Evaluation in the Laboratory: A Comparison of High and Low Socially Anxious Participants

Reactions to Prospective Positive vs. Negative Evaluation in the Laboratory: A Comparison of High and Low Socially Anxious Participants

Malaise with praise: A narrative review of 10 years of research on the concept of Fear of Positive Evaluation in social anxiety

The association between openness and physiological responses to recurrent social stress

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