HAWTHORN-INFESTING POPULATIONS OF<i>RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA</i>IN MEXICO AND SPECIATION MODE PLURALITY

Xie, Xianfa; Rull, Juan; Michel, Andrew P.; Vélez, Sebastián; Forbes, Andrew A.; Lobo, Neil F.; Aluja, Martı́n; Feder, Jeffrey L.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00091.x

Cited by 71 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In another well-studied example, introgression of herbivore resistance alleles from a local congener allowed a sunflower to adapt to expand its range in an originally marginal habitat (Rieseberg et al 2007). Finally, heritable variation for phenological traits that allowed the tephritid fly Rhagoletis to broaden its host range may have originated by introgression of chromosomal inversions from a formerly allopatric population (Xie et al 2007). Similar cases have been reported in an alpine sedge (Choler et al 2004), mosquitoes, and trypanosomes (Arnold 2004).…”

Section: Asexuality and Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation to Marginal Habitats

Kawecki

2008

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.

546

643

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■ Abstract The ability to adapt to marginal habitats, in which survival and reproduction are initially poor, plays a crucial role in the evolution of ecological niches and species ranges. Adaptation to marginal habitats may be limited by genetic, developmental, and functional constraints, but also by consequences of demographic characteristics of marginal populations. Marginal populations are often sparse, fragmented, prone to local extinctions, or are demographic sinks subject to high immigration from high quality core habitats. This makes them demographically and genetically dependent on core habitats and prone to gene flow counteracting local selection. Theoretical and empirical research in the past decade has advanced our understanding of conditions that favor adaptation to marginal habitats despite those limitations. This review is an attempt at synthesis of those developments and of the emerging conceptual framework.

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Section: Asexuality and Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation to Marginal Habitats

Kawecki

2008

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.

546

643

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“…Failing to reject the null hypothesis is very different from supporting panmixia over some biologically significant level of population structure; therefore, a power analysis or goodness-of-fit approach (Edwards, 1972) would be desirable to quantify the strength of support for panmixia. On the other hand, extensive population structure in Rhagoletis fruit flies has caused investigators to re-evaluate the usefulness of a simple sympatric speciation model for this classic case study (Xie et al, 2007).…”

Section: Criteria For Ascertaining Sympatric Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two forms presently co-occur through much of northern North America, but recent analyses indicate that important pre-adaptations for apple infestation probably arose in Mexico (Feder et al, 2003), leading some authors to advocate a mixed geography model of divergence (Bolnick & Fitzpatrick, 2007;Xie et al, 2007). Coyne & Orr (2004) point out the difficulty of ruling out a nonsympatric phase in the time course of any example of divergence; for example, see Stuessy's (2006) Disagreements about cases from nature often depend on grain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What, if anything, is sympatric speciation?

Fitzpatrick

Fordyce

Gavrilets

2008

J of Evolutionary Biology

194

207

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in part because it challenges us to synthesize ecology, genetics and behaviour when attempting to understand how it might occur in nature. Both proponents and skeptics agree on the importance of understanding the contexts and processes influencing the likelihood of sympatric divergence, and of identifying the kinds of evidence necessary to diagnose individual case studies. However, sympatric speciation is not always clearly defined, and not all clear definitions describe the same set of phenomena. In fact, some of the disagreement over the prevalence and importance of sympatric speciation rests on disagreement over what sympatric speciation is. Such arguments do little to advance the study of evolution, and we advocate research aimed at understanding mechanisms of divergence, rather than classifying cases into a taxonomy of 'modes of speciation ' (sensu Mayr, 1942' (sensu Mayr, , 1963.The problem is most severe in host-specific parasites, phytophagous insects and other situations where ecological differentiation necessarily involves spatial structure. Differentiated populations, 'host races' or descendant species that occur in different, discrete habitat patches may have broadly overlapping geographical ranges and yet never encounter one another at the same time and place because of their distinct ecological niches. Such situations were dubbed 'microallopatric' by Smith (1955Smith ( , 1965, who was dissatisfied with the simple dichotomy between allopatry and sympatry advocated by Mayr (1942Mayr ( , 1963. Several recent authors have raised concerns over conceptual and evidential confusion between 'microallopatry' and 'sympatry ' (Berlocher & Feder, 2002;Dres & Mallet, 2002;Dieckmann & Doebeli, 2004;Provine, 2004;Mallet, 2005).The definition of sympatric speciation is important in the interpretation of case studies. For example, regarding Rice & Salt's (1990) classic experimental demonstration of speciation by habitat selection in Drosophila, Coyne & Orr (2004, pp. 140-141) argued that the strong selection levied against females that switched habitats made the allopatry; biogeography; migration; parapatry; population genetics; selection; speciation; sympatry. AbstractSympatric speciation has always fascinated evolutionary biologists, and for good reason; it pits diversifying selection directly against the tendency of sexual reproduction to homogenize populations. However, different investigators have used different definitions of sympatric speciation and different criteria for diagnosing cases of sympatric speciation. Here, we explore some of the definitions that have been used in empirical and theoretical studies. Definitions based on biogeography do not always produce the same conclusions as definitions based on population genetics. The most precise definitions make sympatric speciation an infinitesimal end point of a continuum. Because it is virtually impossible to demonstrate the occurrence of such a theoretical extreme, we argue that testing whether a case fits a particular definition is less informative...

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“…However, there has been more emphasis on temporal components of speciation recently in conjunction with both ecological and adaptive speciation via host races (Carroll and Boyd 1992;Berlocher and Feder 2002;Via and Hawthorne 2002;Rundle and Nosil 2005; see also Abrahamson and Blair 2008;Funk and Nosil 2008), pheromones and sexual selection (Roelofs et al 1987(Roelofs et al , 2002Thomas et al 2003;Emalianov et al 2003;Mavarez et al 2006;Vines and Schluter 2006) or some combination of the above (including host races and temporal isolation; Wood and Keese Blair et al 2005;Nosil et al 2005;Xie et al 2007;Forbes et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allochronic isolation and incipient hybrid speciation in tiger swallowtail butterflies

et al. 2009

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Hybridization leading to reproductively isolated, novel genotypes is poorly understood as a means of speciation and few empirical examples have been studied. In 1999, a previously non-existent delayed flight of what appeared to be the Canadian tiger swallowtail butterfly, Papilio canadensis, was observed in the Battenkill River Valley, USA. Allozyme frequencies and morphology suggest that this delayed flight was the product of hybridization between Papilio canadensis and its sibling species Papilio glaucus. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphisms presented here indicate that only P. canadensis-like mtDNA occurs in this population, suggesting that introgression likely occurred from hybrid males mating with P. canadensis females. Preliminary studies of this population indicated that delayed post-diapause pupal emergence in this hybrid genotype was the root cause behind the observed delayed flight, which suggests a potential empirical example of a mechanism leading to reproductive isolation. Here we provide further evidence of the role of adult pupal emergence as a reproductive barrier likely leading to reproductive isolation. In particular, we present results from pupal emergence studies using four different spring and two different winter temperature treatments. The results indicate a clear separation of adult emergences between the hybrid population and both parental species. However, our results indicate that exceptionally hot springs are likely to lead to greater potential for overlap between the local parental species, P. canadensis, and this delayed population with hybrid origins. Conversely, our results also show that warmer winters are likely to increase the temporal separation of the hybrid population and the parental species. Finally, we report recently collected evidence that this hybrid population remains morphologically distinct.

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HAWTHORN-INFESTING POPULATIONS OFRHAGOLETIS POMONELLAIN MEXICO AND SPECIATION MODE PLURALITY

Abstract: Categorizing speciation into dichotomous allopatric versus nonallopatric modes may not always adequately describe

Cited by 71 publications

References 38 publications

Adaptation to Marginal Habitats

Adaptation to Marginal Habitats

What, if anything, is sympatric speciation?

Allochronic isolation and incipient hybrid speciation in tiger swallowtail butterflies

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