Hazard and Effects of Pollution by Lead on Vegetable Crops

Feleafel, M. N.; Mirdad, Zohair Mahmoud

doi:10.1007/s10806-012-9403-1

Cited by 74 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…These organs are also the first-contact sites for heavy metal ions and significantly higher amounts of metal usually accumulate in them than in aboveground plant parts (Barceló et al 1988;Becerril et al 1989;Burkhead et al 2009;Chen et al 2004;Feleafel and Mirdad 2013;Kastori et al 1992;Małecka et al 2008;Seregin and Ivanov 2001). An excess of metal ions in tissues may affect water absorption from the soil, and in turn decrease water content in the root.…”

Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Salix caprea, a marked decrease in total root area was observed after exposure to Zn, Cd or a combination of both metals (Vaculík et al 2012). Abnormalities in metal-stressed plants frequently described in the literature include decreased elongation of the primary root, impaired secondary growth, increased root dieback and reduced root hair surface: Ag (Anjum et al 2013), As (Garg and Singla 2011;Panda et al 2010;Sharma 2012), Cd (Gallego et al 2012;Lux et al 2011), Co (Collins and Kinsela 2011), Cr (Chandra and Kulshreshtha 2004;Hayat et al 2012b;Shanker et al 2005), Cu (Burkhead et al 2009), Hg (Chen and Yang 2012), Ni (Sreekanth et al 2013), Pb (Fahr et al 2013;Feleafel and Mirdad 2013;Sharma and Dubey 2005), Zn (Broadley et al 2007;Ivanov et al 2003). Metal-induced structural changes lead to inadequate root-soil contact and lower the capacity of plants to exploit the water from the soil.…”

Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Water relations in plants subjected to heavy metal stresses

2016

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Concentrations of heavy metals in soil seldom reach a level sufficient to cause osmotic disturbances in plants. It is likely that water entry to the roots is indirectly governed by other factors which are themselves affected by metals. Decreased elongation of the primary root, impaired secondary growth, increased root dieback, or reduced root hair caused by toxic ions all exert a deleterious effect on the root-absorbing area and water uptake. Moreover, metals are able to decelerate short-distance water transfer both in symplast and apoplast, which in turn reduce the movement of water into the vascular system and affect water supply to the shoot. Long-distance transport is limited also due to decreased hydraulic conductivity in the root, stem and leaf midrib caused by a reduction in the size of vessels and tracheids, and partial blockage of xylem elements by cellular debris or gums. Heavy metals influence water delivery to the shoot due to inhibition of transpiration as they decrease the size of the leaves and the thickness of the lamina, reduce intercellular spaces, affect the density of stomata and decrease their aperture. Stomata closure is induced by direct interaction of toxic metals with guard cells and/or as a consequence of the early effects of metal toxicity on roots and stems. In metal-stressed plants, rootderived ABA or ABA-induced signals might play a role in stomatal movement. Disturbances in water relations trigger differential regulation of aquaporin gene expression, which may contribute to further reductions in water loss.

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Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Water relations in plants subjected to heavy metal stresses

2016

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“…The important lead pollution sources are quite various, such as industrial wastewater, traffic emissions and pesticide residues (Abou-Arab, Kawther, Tantawy, Badeaa, & Khayria, 1999;Feleafel & Mirdad, 2013). These pollution will result in high level of Pb(II) in environmental water resources and soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable non-ligand dual cloud point extraction method for determination of lead in food samples

et al. 2016

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“…[59] also reported that 90% of Pb is accumulated in the root and that increasing accumulation of Pb in the roots can cause some ultra-cellular changes within plant tissues. Symptoms of such ultra-cellular changes include chlorosis, wilting and death of the plant [59]. Severe chlorosis and wilting of leaves were observed in B. napus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The experimental determined percentage extractable Pb was 18 % of the total Pb, added as PbO (reported in an unpublished thesis- [59]). This suggest that B. napus might have excluded approximately half of the bioavailable Pb while B. juncea accumulated around 80% of the bioavailable Pb.…”

Section: Root Responsementioning

confidence: 99%