Hazard-free treatment and resource utilisation of electrolytic manganese residue: A review

He, Shichao; Jiang, Daoyan; Hong, Minghao; Liu, Zhihong

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127224

Cited by 77 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…For example, the accumulation of manganese (Mn) tailings and electrolytic Mn slag have generated environmental and human health problems, even resulting in central nervous system disease unless obtained appropriate treatment after exposure (Wang et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2021). Cement rotary kiln co-processing of SW is a widely accepted sustainable and economic technique used to dispose of the Mn contained in SW (He et al, 2021;Gong et al, 2022;He et al, 2022;Vaiciene and Simanavicius, 2022). Due to its high calcination temperature and long residence time, the technique is commonly used to fix trace nonvolatile harmful ingredients (Zhao et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation and solidification mechanism of manganese doped cement clinker

Yang

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Chem.

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Using municipal and industrial solid waste as a substitute raw material and fuel in cement rotary kiln co-processing is considered an economic and environmentally friendly alternative to the use of traditional fuels. However, the presence of heavy metals in solid waste is a growing concern in the cement rotary kiln co-processing technique. The solidification mechanism of heavy metals in cement clinker is directly related to their stabilization. Cement clinkers doped with manganese oxide (MnO2: 0.0%–5.0% wt%) were prepared in a laboratory to investigate the impacts of extrinsic Mn on cement clinker calcination. The insignificant changes in X-ray diffractometer patterns indicated that the fixed Mn had little influence on the mineral lattice structure. Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the transformation of the silicate phase when the Mn dose was increased. Moreover, the satisfactory solidification ratio confirmed the incorporation of Mn in the cement clinker. These results provided evidence of the influence rule of Mn in the cement clinker calcination process. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy showed great potential for the qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the cementitious materials derived from cement rotary kiln co-processing. These results will be important for the further development of green cement manufacturing technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation and solidification mechanism of manganese doped cement clinker

Yang

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Chem.

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“…[ 1 ] The amount of new EMS materials generated worldwide is currently increasing by 20 million tons per year. [ 2 ] After a long time of production and emission, the accumulated weight of EMS has exceeded 50 million tons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Step Preparation of Glass‐Ceramics from a Ferrochrome Slag and an Electrolytic Manganese Slag

et al. 2023

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Electrolytic manganese slag materials can be used in the preparation of glass‐ceramics. Herein, glass‐ceramics with excellent properties are obtained by melting electrolytic manganese slag and ferrochrome slag as raw materials. The effects of the addition of ferrochrome slag on the recrystallization of the base glass and the physicochemical properties of the glass‐ceramic are especially investigated. With the addition of ferrochrome slag, the introduced Cr2O3 may play a role in the deconstruction of the glass network and is more likely to produce a spinel phase as a way to promote the heterogeneous nucleation of the diopside phase. The sample with a ferrochrome slag addition of 12 wt% shows the optimal recrystallization ability. Furthermore, the ratio of nonbridging oxygen atoms (NBO) to the total amount of oxygen atoms (T) is the highest (NBO/T = 1.90). Also, the bending strength and the density of the samples reach 96.08 MPa and 3.05 g cm−3, respectively, and the acid and alkali resistance become 98.16% and 99.48%, respectively. Moreover, the glass‐ceramic structure did effectively stabilize and solidify the harmful heavy metal elements. This study has provided innovative ideas for an efficient, harmless, and low‐cost treatment of electrolytic manganese slag in the preparation of glass‐ceramics.

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“…After decades of development, China alone has an inventory of over 100 million tons of EMS that, in the year 2020, has not been properly taken care of. And, with the continuous reduction of manganese ore resources in nature, the rate of new EMS production will exceed 10 million tons per year ( He et al, 2021 ). Most of these manganese-containing waste residues are stored in dams and have not undergone any harmless form of treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the solidification and stability mechanisms of heavy metals in electrolytic manganese slag-based glass-ceramics

et al. 2022

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To better solve the waste pollution problem generated by the electrolytic manganese industry, electrolytic manganese slag as the main raw material, chromium iron slag, and pure chemical reagents containing heavy metal elements mixed with electrolytic manganese slag doping. A parent glass was formed by melting the slag mixture at 1,250°C, which was, thereafter, heat-treated at 900°C to obtain the glass-ceramic. The results from characterizations showed that the heavy metal elements in the glass-ceramic system were well solidified and isolated, with a leakage concentration at a relatively low level. After crystallization, the curing rates of harmful heavy metals all exceed 99.9%. The mechanisms of heavy metal migration, transformation, and solidification/isolation in glass-ceramic curing bodies were investigated by using characterization methods such as chemical elemental morphological analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and electron microprobe. The most toxic Cr and Mn elements were found to be mainly kept in their residual state in the glass-ceramic system. It was concluded that the curing mechanism of the heavy metals in a glass-ceramic can either be explained by the chemical curing induced by bonding (or interaction) during phase formation, or by physical encapsulation. Characterization by using both Transmission electron microscopy and EPMA confirmed that Cr and Mn were mainly present in the newly formed spinel phase, while the diopside phase contained a small amount of Mn. Zn, Cd, and Pb are not found to be concentrated and uniformly dispersed in the system, which is speculated to be physical coating and curing.

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Hazard-free treatment and resource utilisation of electrolytic manganese residue: A review

Cited by 77 publications

References 148 publications

Incorporation and solidification mechanism of manganese doped cement clinker

Incorporation and solidification mechanism of manganese doped cement clinker

One‐Step Preparation of Glass‐Ceramics from a Ferrochrome Slag and an Electrolytic Manganese Slag

A study of the solidification and stability mechanisms of heavy metals in electrolytic manganese slag-based glass-ceramics

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