Hazardous alcohol users during pregnancy: Psychiatric health and personality traits

Drug addiction during pregnancy: Correlations between the placental health and the newborn's outcome – Elaboration of a predictive score

“…Forty-five percent of the mothers were housewives and only 39% had a stable working situation. In agreement with the literature [7][8][9], in our sample, a high percentage of the mothers assumed drugs during pregnancy and many were suffering from infectious diseases (27 were HCVþ, 4 were HIVþ, 3 were HbsAgþ) and psychiatric diseases (one case of anorexia, one case of bulimia, one case of depression, one case of bipolarity). Despite the fact that in none of the cases it has been demonstrated the vertical transmission of the infective disease between mother and fetus, these diseases anyway influenced and affected the pregnancy and the newborn's stay in hospital: the need to treat the HIVþ mothers and the corresponding newborns with the antiretroviral therapy, the tendency to carry out the caesarean birth in the HIVþ and HCVþ mothers, the need to contraindicate the breast-feeding in the HIVþ mothers and to perform the active and passive prophylaxis in the newborns whose mothers were HbsAgþ are only few examples of how these diseases influenced the mother's and newborn's hospital stay.…”

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy : Prevalence, predictors and prevention

“…Social drinking motives have been associated with more infrequent and less heavy drinking as well as less abusive drinking than have the other motives (Cooper ML, 1992). This is in line with earlier findings showing that most pregnant women who consume alcohol in Sweden are not alcohol dependent (Magnusson et al, 2007). In contrast, in the review (Study I) screening positive for alcohol problems was associated with more drinking during pregnancy in 4 out of 5 studies assessing the relationship.…”

“…One possible explanation for these differences is the different study settings. In Study III as well as the study by Magnusson et al (2007), women were recruited via antenatal care. In some regions in Sweden, women with confirmed alcohol problems are referred to specialist antenatal care; these clinics were not part of the samples.…”

Effects of personality on use of medications, alcohol, and cigarettes during pregnancy

“…For example, prenatal health care personnel could focus on women who appear to be worried and overly anxious, as this may indicate neuroticism. Similarly, prenatal care could target women who appear to be poorly organized and lacking self-discipline, as these characteristics are indicators of low conscientiousness [36]. Both "neurotic" and non-conscientious pregnant women might profit from cognitive behavior modification techniques, such as selfrecording of problematic health behaviors, and more frequent follow-ups, including skills training, systematic verbal rewards for small improvements, and relapse prevention [37].…”