Hazardous gas emissions from the flanks of the quiescent Colli Albani volcano (Rome, Italy)

Carapezza, Maria Luisa; Barberi, F.; Ranaldi, Massimo; Ricci, T.; Tarchini, Luca; Barrancos, José; Fischer, Christian; Granieri, Domenico; Lai, Carlo; Melián, Gladys V.; Pérez, Nemesio M.; Tuccimei, Paola; Vogel, A.; Weber, Konradin

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.02.012

Cited by 45 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In Carapezza et al [2005 made another survey in the Solforata area covering 30,000 m 2 with 200 accumulation chamber measurements. Another soil flux survey was carried out in 2007 [Carapezza et al 2012] extending the soil gas mapping to an area of 229,000 m 2 (356 measurements and 7 Tuneable Diode Laser, TDL, profiles). The latter set of data has been selected for this study; in particular, 278 of 356 accumulation chamber measurements were used (black dots in Figure 5), 7 TDL profiles (black segments in Figure 5), and the wind speed and direction data (Figure 8).…”

Section: Co 2 Soil Flux Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diffuse soil flux of CO 2 has been measured by two portable accumulation chambers [Chiodini et al 1998, Carapezza andGranieri 2004], equipped with a Li-820 infrared CO 2 detector (0-2 vol.%). The final output of Carapezza et al [2012] is the soil flux map shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Co 2 Soil Flux Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air concentration has been measured by Carapezza et al [2012] using a Tuneable Diode Laser (TDL, see Figure 5, and Table 1) over the lake (lines 1, 3, 5 and 6) and the channel (lines 2, 4 and 7). This methodology allows the measurement of the average air concentration of CO 2 on a profile length every few seconds [Schiff et al 1994, Tittel et al 2006, Weber et al 2005; simultaneously, the wind direction and speed are recorded by a sonic anemometer [Carapezza et al 2012].…”

Section: Air Co 2 Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This methodology allows the measurement of the average air concentration of CO 2 on a profile length every few seconds [Schiff et al 1994, Tittel et al 2006, Weber et al 2005; simultaneously, the wind direction and speed are recorded by a sonic anemometer [Carapezza et al 2012]. TDL profiles were recorded at two heights, 20 and 25 cm from surface; two of them were over the lake and one was along the channel.…”

Section: Air Co 2 Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dispersion of gases denser than Carapezza et al [2012]. Black dots are the 278 sampling points and numbered segments are TDL profiles.…”

Section: Metereological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Atmospheric dispersion modelling of CO2 emission in the Colli Albani volcanic district (Central Italy)

Gasparini

Grandía

Tarchini³

2017

Annals of Geophysics

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Section: Co 2 Soil Flux Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Co 2 Soil Flux Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Air Co 2 Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Air Co 2 Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dispersion of gases denser than Carapezza et al [2012]. Black dots are the 278 sampling points and numbered segments are TDL profiles.…”

Section: Metereological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Atmospheric dispersion modelling of CO2 emission in the Colli Albani volcanic district (Central Italy)

Gasparini

Grandía

Tarchini³

2017

Annals of Geophysics

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The Syabru‐Bensi hydrothermal system in central Nepal: 1. Characterization of carbon dioxide and radon fluxes

et al. 2014

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The Syabru-Bensi hydrothermal system (SBHS), located at the Main Central Thrust zone in central Nepal, is characterized by hot (30-62°C) water springs and cold (<35°C) carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) degassing areas. From 2007 to 2011, five gas zones (GZ1-GZ5) were studied, with more than 1600 CO 2 and 850 radon flux measurements, with complementary self-potential data, thermal infrared imaging, and effective radium concentration of soils. Measurement uncertainties were evaluated in the field. CO 2 and radon fluxes vary over 5 to 6 orders of magnitude, reaching exceptional maximum values of 236 ± 50 kg m À2 d À1 and 38.5 ± 8.0 Bq m À2 s À1 , with estimated integrated discharges over all gas zones of 5.9 ± 1.6 t d À1 and 140 ± 30 MBq d À1 , respectively. Soil-gas radon concentration is 40 × 10 3 Bq m À3 in GZ1-GZ2 and 70 × 10 3 Bq m À3 in GZ3-GZ4. Strong relationships between CO 2 and radon fluxes in all gas zones (correlation coefficient R = 0.86 ± 0.02) indicate related gas transport mechanisms and demonstrate that radon can be considered as a relevant proxy for CO 2 . CO 2 carbon isotopic ratios (δ 13 C from À1.7 ± 0.1 to À0.5 ± 0.1‰), with the absence of mantle signature (helium isotopic ratios R/R A < 0.05), suggest metamorphic decarbonation at depth. Thus, the SBHS emerges as a unique geosystem with significant deep origin CO 2 discharge located in a seismically active region, where we can test methodological issues and our understanding of transport properties and fluid circulations in the subsurface.

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Atmospheric dispersion of natural carbon dioxide emissions on Vulcano Island, Italy

et al. 2014

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La Fossa quiescent volcano and its surrounding area on the Island of Vulcano (Italy) are characterized by intensive, persistent degassing through both fumaroles and diffuse soil emissions. Periodic degassing crises occur, with marked increase in temperature and steam and gas output (mostly CO 2 ) from crater fumaroles and in CO 2 soil diffuse emission from the crater area as well as from the volcano flanks and base. The gas hazard of the most inhabited part of the island, Vulcano Porto, was investigated by simulating the CO 2 dispersion in the atmosphere under different wind conditions. The DISGAS (DISpersion of GAS) code, an Eulerian model based on advection-diffusion equations, was used together with the mass-consistent Diagnostic Wind Model. Numerical simulations were validated by measurements of air CO 2 concentration inside the village and along the crater's rim by means of a Soil CO 2 Automatic Station and a Tunable Diode Laser device. The results show that in the village of Vulcano Porto, the CO 2 air concentration is mostly due to local soil degassing, while the contribution from the crater gas emission is negligible at the breathing height for humans and always remains well below the lowest indoor CO 2 concentration threshold recommended by the health authorities (1000 ppm). Outdoor excess CO 2 maxima up to 200 ppm above local background CO 2 air concentration are estimated in the center of the village and up to 100 ppm in other zones. However, in some ground excavations or in basements the health code threshold can be exceeded. In the crater area, because of the combined effect of fumaroles and diffuse soil emissions, CO 2 air concentrations can reach 5000-7000 ppm in low-wind conditions and pose a health hazard for visitors.

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Hazardous gas emissions from the flanks of the quiescent Colli Albani volcano (Rome, Italy)

Cited by 45 publications

References 35 publications

Atmospheric dispersion modelling of CO2 emission in the Colli Albani volcanic district (Central Italy)

Atmospheric dispersion modelling of CO2 emission in the Colli Albani volcanic district (Central Italy)

The Syabru‐Bensi hydrothermal system in central Nepal: 1. Characterization of carbon dioxide and radon fluxes

Atmospheric dispersion of natural carbon dioxide emissions on Vulcano Island, Italy

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