Hbim Challenge Among the Paradigm of Complexity, Tools and Preservation: The Basilica Di Collemaggio 8 Years After the Earthquake (L’aquila)

Abstract

Commission VI, WG VI/4 KEY WORDS: HBIM, NURBS, PARAMETRIC MODEL, LOD, LOG, LOI, FEA, TOOLS, PRESERVATION ABSTRACT:In December 2012 ENIservizi (the Italian multi-national energy agency operating in many countries), after the Earthquake that occurred in April 2009, decided to undertake the project 'Re-start from Collemaggio' with the aim of giving new hope to the L'Aquila community, funding around 14 million Euro to restore the Basilica di Collemaggio. The Superintendence Office carried on the restoration project with the scientific support of the Università degli Studi de L'Aquila and the Università La Sapienza di Roma, under the coordination of the Politecnico di Milano. ENIservizi, aware of the BIM potential in the complex building and infrastructure domain in the world, required an advanced HBIM from the laser scanner and photogrammetric surveying to support the diagnostic analysis, the design project, the tender and the restoration itself, today still on course. Plans and vertical sections were delivered (2012) starting from the surveying campaigns (February and June 2013), together with the first HBIM advancement from the end of 2012 in support of the preliminary-definitive-executive steps of the restoration design project (2013-14-15). Five years later, this paper tries to make a synthesis of the different lessons learnt, in addition to the positive and critical aspects relating HBIM feasibility, sustainability and usefulness to the challenging restoration work. In particular, the Collemaggio BIM experience anticipated the new Italian Public Procurement Legislation (D.Lgs 50/2016, Nuovo Codice degli Appalti pubblici) aligned with to the EUPPD 24/2014: the EU Directive on Public Procurement asked all the 28 EU countries to adopt building informative modelling by February 2016 in order to support the whole LCM (Life Cycle Management), starting from the project and the intervention, through rewarding scores or mandatory regulations. Many analyses foresees to save from around 5% to 15% of the overall investment by adopting mature BIM (Level 3 to 5), particularly 4D remotely controlled BIM in support of the LCM, as in the case of maintenance and management process. The tender for Basilica restoration was published in 2015: the process was not developed enough to introduce selective criteria based on BIM adoption by the Construction Industry due to the lack of legislation at that time and the lack of BIM skills among the companies. Nevertheless ENIservizi also separately funded aside the HBIM of the Basilica to tackle an advanced BIM able to address decision-making processes in the heritage domain among the different actors: to support operators, architects, structural engineers, economic computation, construction site management and restoration, the theoretical and practical approach adopted by the HBIM, overcame the current logic based on sequential LoD (from simplex to complex, from the preliminary to the executive design) that is typical of new constructions in favour of a complex LoD approach that could guar...

Networking Historic Environmental Standards to Address Modern Challenges for Sustainable Conservation in HBIM

“…Indeed, by contrast, traditional methods of orthogonal drawings, cross-referenced between details and schematics at a range of scales serve a critical purpose in enabling the unambiguous and efficient transmission of relevant information between agents. To some extent, the ambitions of politicians driving the uptake of BIM for all public projects in the UK from 2016, the US National Building Information Model Standard, the work of Barazzetti et al on the Collemaggio in L'Aquila and Fai et al in Ottawa, are examples of a top-down incentive driven by a desire to appear to be state-of-the-art [23,36,37]. It is beholden also to reason from the bottom-up if the scope of this mission is to be crafted to good use.…”

Survey and Scan to BIM Model for the Knowledge of Built Heritage and the Management of Conservation Activities

“…The Basilica of Collemaggio was significantly damaged by the earthquake of Richter Magnitude 5.9 that had struck the town of L'Aquila (Central Italy) on 6 April 2009: the dome, the transept and triumphal arches collapsed with their pillars, and great damage occurred to the apses, to the pillars of the arched walls of the nave, and to the longitudinal north front with the 'Holy Door'. The Basilica is a Romanesque masterpiece characterized by a dense, fascinating history and different construction phases, which began in 1270 (Bartolomucci 2004 The challenge was to improve on one side the use of BIM tools for existing buildings (Oreni et al 2013;Brumana et al 2017), able to combine all the complexity of the geometrical shapes, and on the other the use of these tools for processes of built heritage conservation (Della Torre 2015). The HBIM has been carried on by integrating the surveying ) with the information coming from the historical and archive research and with the construction technology analysis.…”

As-Built BIM for a Fifteenth-Century Chinese Brick Structure at Various LoDs

“…This LoD has proved useful to the stakeholders of masonry construction, such as architects, structural engineers, and mason contractors [38,39]. The modeling of brick units in BIM has encouraged technique studies on brickwork [40] and the high-resolution (HR) documentation of built heritage [41]. However, the semantic data in commercial BIM platforms (e.g., Autodesk Revit) are retained at the component level (e.g., a brick wall) rather than individual brick units.…”