HBIM-GIS Integration: From IFC to CityGML Standard for Damaged Cultural Heritage in a Multiscale 3D GIS

Abstract

This study describes the technical-systemic and conceptual-informative interoperability tests for the integration of a Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) model in a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS) environment aimed to provide complete and useful documentation for multiscale analyses on cultural heritage particularly exposed to risks. The case study of the San Lorenzo Church in Norcia (Italy) has been chosen given the urgent need to update the existing documentation for its protection and conservation issues, due to the extensive damage suffered after the series of earthquakes that occurred in central Italy starting from summer 2016. Different tests to evaluate two levels of conceptual interoperability (technical and semantic) when importing the HBIM model into a GIS environment were performed, whether with commercial software or with open source ones (ArcGIS Pro and QGIS, respectively). A data integration platform (Feature Manipulation Engine, FME) has been used for converting the IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) data format into the GML (Geography Markup Language) format, in order to obtain a unique and unified model and vocabulary for the 3D GIS project, structured with different levels of detail, according to CityGML standard. Finally, as HBIM-GIS integration is considered, the loss of geometric and informative data has been taken into account and evaluated. IntroductionWithin the AEC (architecture, engineering, construction) industry, the BIM (Building Information Modeling) approach represents an increasingly widespread as much as necessary methodology. Being an interactive data archive [1,2], these models contain geometric data but also non-graphic information, such as materials, thermal characteristics, costs and maintenance instructions, thus they consist in the creation of a central informative and shared model, integrated among every project participant, and it is configured as a dynamic system particularly helpful for the building's facility management (FM). On the other hand, the use of a GIS (Geographic Information System) is well stated in the literature for its usefulness when managing territorial and urban data, with a variety of different purposes and professional figures involved. The integration between these two domains and the complementary nature of the information provided by each technology could, therefore, lead to have a new data flow and a highly detailed and holistic picture of a project.Moreover, the latest technological developments, especially in the field of surveying and geomatics, encouraged the large acquisition of point clouds, thus speeding up the Scan-to-BIM process and

Development of an Integrated Bim-Gis Management Tool for Maintenance Plan of Historical Heritage

“…Furthermore, there is also an increasing interest in inserting HBIM models in their urban-environmental context, thus allowing more articulated, complex and complete analyses (Vacca, Quaquero, Pili, & Brandolini, 2018;Matrone, Colucci, De Ruvo, Lingua, & Spanò, 2019;Bruno et al, 2020;Colucci, De Ruvo, Lingua, Matrone, & Rizzo, 2020;Tsilimantou, Delegou, Nikitakos, Ioannidis, & Moropoulou, 2020). In some of these cases, however, there is no unique interoperable database capable of containing both data from the BIM and GIS domains.…”

Bim Interoperability: Open Bim-Based Workflow for Heritage Building Information Modelling (Hbim). A Multidisciplinary Approach Based on Advanced 3d Tools and Exchange Formats

“…In the case study here presented, the applications involved in the process are Leica Cyclone, Agisoft Metashape, Autodesk Recap Pro, McNeel Rhinoceros, Autodesk Revit, Unreal Engine, and a BIM-based cloud platform. The integration between these domains and the complementary nature of the information provided by each technology could, therefore, lead to having a new data flow and a highly detailed and holistic picture of a project (Colucci, De Ruvo, Lingua, Matrone, & Rizzo, 2020;Goulding, Rahimian & Wang 2014).…”

An Inspection of IFC Models from Practice

“…For instance, an often discussed integration is the one with 3D city models and other types of geoinformation (GeoBIM), cf. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”