HBV antigen and DNA loss from mouse serum is associated with novel vaccine-induced HBV surface antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity and cytokine production

Xia, Chen; Xie, Bangxiang; Deng, Yao; Zhao, Yan; Wang, Wen; Gao, Zhiyun; Wang, Wenling; Qiu, Xiangguo; Tan, Wenjie

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.11.002

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Available research shows that T cell receptors, in the presence of substances that stimulate these receptors (such as CD28) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-12), are indispensable for sending signals to trigger CD8 T cells that can specifically recognize HBV antigens. Similar to CD8 T cells, CD4 T cells are also activated when co-cultured with IL-12 and cause HBV clearance [21]. In addition, IL-12 inhibits PD-1 in this kind of infection, increases T-bet, and promotes IFN-γ and TNF-α production for immunity [22] (Table 1).…”

Section: Anti-viral Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoregulatory Functions of the IL-12 Family of Cytokines in Antiviral Systems

Guo

Cao

Zhu

2019

Viruses

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Members of the interleukin 12 (IL-12) family have been known to be inflammatory factors since their discovery. The IL-12 family consists of IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35, and a new member, IL-39, which has recently been identified and has not yet been studied extensively. Current literature has described the mechanisms of immunity of these cytokines and potential uses for therapy and medical cures. IL-12 was found first and is effective in combatting a wide range of naturally occurring viral infections through the upregulation of various cytokines to clear the infected cells. IL-23 has an essential function in immune networks, can induce IL-17 production, and can antagonize inhibition from IL-12 in the presence of T helper (Th) 17 cells, resulting in type II IFN (IFN-γ) regulation. IL-27 has a competitive relationship to IL-35 because they both include the same subunit, the Epstein–Barr virus-induced gene3 (EBi3). This review provides a simple introduction to the IL-12 family and focuses on their functions relevant to their actions to counteract viral infections.

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Section: Anti-viral Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoregulatory Functions of the IL-12 Family of Cytokines in Antiviral Systems

Guo

Cao

Zhu

2019

Viruses

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“…These cytokines are essential for HBV-specific T-cell priming, sustained activation, and differentiation to maintain the antiviral response. The results of HBV carrier mice receiving vaccine treatment proved that the loss of serum HBV antigen and DNA was strongly associated with potent and functional HBV-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses and increased production of IL-2, IFN-g, TNF-a, and IL-12 (46). This phenomenon suggests that the priming and differentiation of HBV-specific CD8 T cells can be remodelled by exogenous supplementation with some cytokines.…”

Section: Hbv-specific T-cell Activation Requires Activating Cytokines...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Abnormally primed CD8 T cells: The Achilles’ heel of CHB

Chen

Li²,

Jiang³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a significant public health challenge, and more than 250 million people around world are infected with HBV. The clearance of HBV with virus-specific CD8 T cells is critical for a functional cure. However, naïve HBV-specific CD8 T cells are heavily hindered during the priming process, and this phenomenon is closely related to abnormal cell and signal interactions in the complex immune microenvironment. Here, we briefly summarize the recent progress in understanding the abnormal priming of HBV-specific CD8 T cells and some corresponding immunotherapies to facilitate their functional recovery, which provides a novel perspective for the design and development of immunotherapy for chronic HBV infection (CHB). Finally, we also highlight the balance between viral clearance and pathological liver injury induced by CD8 T-cell activation that should be carefully considered during drug development.

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“…The role of cellular immunity in controlling intracellular virus without destroying the cells, regarded as non-cytopathic control of virus, became visible in the HBV infection [85][86][87][88][89]. Moreover, the concept of protective immunity versus pathogenic immunity became evident in the context of CHB [90][91][92][93].…”

Section: Hbv-induced Inflammation Of the Liver Is Immune-mediatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring evidence-based innovative therapy for the treatment of chronic HBV infection: experimental and clinical

Akbar

Mahtab

Aguilar

et al. 2021

Exploration of Medicine

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With the advent of various vaccines and antimicrobial agents during the 20th century, the control and containment of infectious diseases appeared to be a matter of time. However, studies unveiled the diverse natures of microbes, their lifestyle, and pathogenetic potentials. Since the ground-breaking discovery of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) by Baruch Blumberg and the subsequent development of a vaccine in the early 1980s, the main task of the scientific community has been to develop a proper management strategy for HBV-induced chronic liver diseases. In the early 1980’s, standard interferon (IFN) induced a reduction of HBV DNA levels, followed by the normalization of serum transaminases (alanine aminotransferase, ALT), in some chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, in the course of time, the limitations of standard IFN became evident, and the search for an alternative began. In the late 1980’s, nucleoside analogs entered the arena of CHB treatment as oral drugs with potent antiviral capacities. At the beginning of the 21st century, insights were developed into the scope and limitations of standard IFN, pegylated-IFN as well as nucleoside analogs for treating CHB. Considering the non-cytopathic nature of the HBV, the presence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the nucleus of the infected hepatocytes and HBV-induced immune-mediated liver damages, a new field of CHB management was initiated by modulating the hosts’ immune system through immune therapy. This review will discuss the nature and design of innovative immune therapy for CHB.

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HBV antigen and DNA loss from mouse serum is associated with novel vaccine-induced HBV surface antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity and cytokine production

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Immunoregulatory Functions of the IL-12 Family of Cytokines in Antiviral Systems

Immunoregulatory Functions of the IL-12 Family of Cytokines in Antiviral Systems

Abnormally primed CD8 T cells: The Achilles’ heel of CHB

Exploring evidence-based innovative therapy for the treatment of chronic HBV infection: experimental and clinical

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