HBV infection in indigenous children, 20 years after immunization in Taiwan: A community-based study

Huang, Chung‐Feng; Dai, Chia‐Yen; Chuang, Wan‐Long; Ho, Chi-Kung; Wu, Tsu‐Yang; Hou, Nai‐Jen; Wang, Chao-Ling; Hsieh, Ming‐Yen; Huang, Jee‐Fu; Chen, Shinn-Cherng; Hsieh, Ming‐Yuh; Wang, Liang‐Yen; Tsai, Juei‐Hsiung; Chang, Wen‐Yu; Yu, Ming‐Lung

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.02.002

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The carrier rate of HBV in children covered by the program has decreased from 15% to <1% since then [26–28]. We have previously reported a higher HBV infection rate in post-vaccination indigenous residencies [29]. However, we noted only 1.3% of the population had HBV infection in the post vaccination cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Seroprevalence and clinical characteristics of viral hepatitis in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and hemophilia patients

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/AimsTransfusion dependent subjects are at a great risk of viral hepatitis infection. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among transfusion-dependent patients in Taiwan.MethodsA total of 140 patients (67 thalassemic patients, 70 hemophilic patients, two patients with hereditary spherocytosis and one patient with von Willebrand disease) were prospectively enrolled to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with viral hepatitis and spontaneous HCV clearance. All patients were tested for HBV and HCV serology and virology. Two consecutive serum samples, at least 1 year apart, were collected to clarify HCV seroclearance.ResultsThe seropositivity rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), HCV antibody (anti-HCV), and both HBsAg/anti-HCV were 6.4%, 45.7% and 5%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with anti-HCV seropositivity included age (odds ratio/95% confidence interval [OR/CI]: 1.12/1.07–1.18, P<0.001), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (OR/CI: 1.04/1.02–1.06, P<0.001) and platelet counts (OR/CI: 0.995/0.991–0.998, P = 0.002). Age was the only factor independently associated with HBsAg seropositivity (OR/CI: 1.08/1.02–1.14.4, P = 0.007). Compared to patients born before 1992, the seroprevalence of HCV among thalassemic patients decreased dramatically in those born after 1992 (46.0% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.012). The seroprevalence of HCV among hemophilic patients also decreased significantly when comparing patients born before 1987 to those born after 1987 (79.5% vs. 11.5%, p<0.001). Similarly, the seroprevalence of HBV decreased significantly in the post-vaccination cohort compared to its counterpart (13.1%, vs. 1.3%, p = 0.005). The spontaneous clearance of HCV was observed in 25.4% (15/59) of patients, and ALT was the only factor associated with it (OR/CI 0.98/0.96–1.00, P = 0.02).ConclusionsBoth HBV and HCV infections are prevalent among transfusion-dependent thalassemic and hemophilic patients in Taiwan. Nevertheless, seroprevalence decreased significantly and dramatically for HCV after universal blood screening and for HBV after implementation of a universal mass vaccination program.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Seroprevalence and clinical characteristics of viral hepatitis in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and hemophilia patients

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, approximately 10-15% of newborns from HBV carrier mothers suffer from HBV infection because of intrauterine transmission. MTCT, which includes intrauterine transmission, perinatal transmission and transmission during lactation, is an important reason for failure of immune prophylaxis [26,27]. It has been demonstrated that active immunisation (HBVac) combined with passive immunisation (HBIG) can effectively prevent perinatal transmission and transmission during lactation [26,28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MTCT, which includes intrauterine transmission, perinatal transmission and transmission during lactation, is an important reason for failure of immune prophylaxis [26,27]. It has been demonstrated that active immunisation (HBVac) combined with passive immunisation (HBIG) can effectively prevent perinatal transmission and transmission during lactation [26,28,29]. Nonetheless, the incidence of intrauterine HBV infection remains as high as 43% when maternal serum HBV DNA exceeds 10 8 copies/ml [30], even with prompt administration of active and passive vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of telbivudine in late pregnancy to prevent intrauterine transmission of the hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Deng

Zhou

Gao

et al. 2012

Virol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a serious public health problem in many parts of the world. Presently, even with proper joint immunoprophylaxis, approximately 10-15% of newborns from HBV carrier mothers suffer from HBV infection through intrauterine transmission. One of the risk factors is the level of maternal viraemia. Telbivudine is a synthetic thymidine nucleoside analogue with activity against HBV. A few studies have evaluated the efficacy of telbivudine in preventing intrauterine HBV infection during late pregnancy. So we conducted this meta-analysis to arrive at an evidence-based conclusion. We searched Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge and China Biological Medicine Database from January 1990 to December 2011. Relative risks (RR) of the seropositivity rates for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA in newborns and infants were studied. Mean differences (MD) in maternal HBV DNA levels were reviewed. Finally two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and four non-randomised controlled trials (NRCTs) were left for analysis which included 576 mothers in total, of whom 306 received telbivudine treatment and 270 did not receive any drug. All newborns received hepatitis B vaccine (HBVac) and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) after birth. The seropositivity rate for HBsAg or HBV DNA was significantly lower in the telbivudine group, both at birth and at 6–12 months follow up. Meanwhile, maternal HBV DNA levels prior to delivery were significantly lower in the telbivudine group. In addition, the frequency of serum creatine kinase (CK) elevation was similar in the two groups. Our meta-analysis provides preliminary evidence that telbivudine application in late pregnancy is effective in the interruption of intrauterine HBV infection, with no significant adverse effects or complications. More high quality, well-designed, double-blinded, randomised controlled and large size clinical trials are needed for further investigation and more convincing results in the future.

show abstract

“…It is well known that the overall prevalence rate of viral hepatitis in Asia, especially HBV and HCV hepatitis, remains higher than that in US and Europe, although some countries have become intermediate and low endemic areas of HBV infection because of their successful vaccination programs 15, 16. Taking Taiwan as an example, a population-based survey showed that the prevalence rate of HBsAg (+) still approached 12.9 % although the national HBV vaccination had successfully lowered the sero-positive rate in children 17; anti-HCV (+) was noted in 5.5%~8.6% of all citizens, with regional differences 18, 19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrepancy between Serological and Virological Analysis of Viral Hepatitis in Hemodialysis Patients

Chang¹,

Huang²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Med. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aim: Viral hepatitis is a health threat for hemodialysis (HD) patients and it may be transmitted during treatment. Some patients categorized to have viral hepatitis were found to be non-viremic. To clarify the discrepancy between the serological tests in HD patients, we conducted the study.Methods: A total of 1681 HD patients was included. Blood samples were analyzed for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV). Detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA were performed in either HBsAg (+) or anti-HCV (+) samples. HBV DNA/HCV RNA was also measured in a subset of HBsAg (-) and anti-HCV (-) patients. Liver function tests were analyzed and compared with the serological and virological tests.Results: The serological tests showed that 230 patients (13.7%) were HBsAg (+) and 290 (17.3%) were anti-HCV (+). We were unable to detect HBV DNA in 97 of 230 (42.2%) HBsAg (+) patients, and HCV RNA could not be found in 76 of 290 (26.2%) anti-HCV (+) patients. In 167 HBsAg (-) patients, only one showed a trace amount of HBV DNA. None of 151 anti-HCV (-) patients showed detectable HCV RNA. The prevalence rate of viral hepatitis remains high in Taiwanese HD patients: 13.7% for HBV and 17.3% for HCV. However, virological analysis showed 42.2% non-viremic rate for HBsAg and 26.2% non-viremic rate for anti-HCV.Conclusions: The findings might challenge the presently suggested principles of bed and machine dedication and the diagnosis of viral hepatitis in HD patients.

show abstract

HBV infection in indigenous children, 20 years after immunization in Taiwan: A community-based study

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Seroprevalence and clinical characteristics of viral hepatitis in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and hemophilia patients

Seroprevalence and clinical characteristics of viral hepatitis in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and hemophilia patients

The effects of telbivudine in late pregnancy to prevent intrauterine transmission of the hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Discrepancy between Serological and Virological Analysis of Viral Hepatitis in Hemodialysis Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About