HC Measurements by Means of Flame Ionization: Background and Limits of Low Emission Measurement

Garthe, C.; Ballik, R.; Hornreich, C.; Thiel, Wolfgang

doi:10.4271/2003-01-0387

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When the calibration ends, the burnt gases flow into the FID system. The last one is only a carbon atoms counter, thus the measured current intensity and the deriving output signal in the case of burnt gases are proportional to the original values obtained by Baulch et al 76 Details on the reaction rate constants adopted for the formation of both radicals and NOx can be found in Colin and Benkenida . 51 Abbreviations/Symbols…”

Section: Declaration Of Conflicting Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modeling of gaseous emissions and soot in 3D-CFD in-cylinder simulations of spark-ignition engines: A methodology to correlate numerical results and experimental data

Berni

Pessina

Paltrinieri

et al. 2022

International Journal of Engine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to reduce development costs and time-to market, 1D and 3D CFD tools can support engine design providing reliable estimations of the tailpipe emissions. In particular, 3D-CFD in-cylinder simulations can evaluate formation of both soot and gaseous pollutants inside the combustion chamber. The main issue in such kind of simulations is the validation against experimental findings. In fact, the complexity of the emission measurements does not allow a straightforward one-to-one comparison between numerical and experimental results. Therefore the present paper aims at providing, on the one hand, a robust numerical framework for both gaseous and solid emissions, on the other hand a dedicated post-processing for a fair comparison between simulations and experiments. From a numerical standpoint, a simplified approach is dedicated to gaseous emissions, while a more detailed one is reserved to soot modeling. The latter is based on the Sectional Method, whose reaction rates are tabulated following 0D chemical kinetic simulations of a purposely designed surrogate in a constant pressure reactor. Simulations and experiments proposed in the present analysis are referred to a high-performance turbocharged direct-injection spark-ignition engine operated at part-load and low rpms. On equal performance, revving speed and mean mixture quality, different injection timings are investigated. The developed numerical approach and post-processing ensure a good agreement between simulations and experiments.

show abstract

Section: Declaration Of Conflicting Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, the activation energy for nitrogen oxidation is small. The rate constants for Zeldovich mechanism can be derived from several experimental data, which are critically evaluated by Baulch et al 76 Details on the reaction rate constants adopted for the formation of both radicals and NOx can be found in Colin and Benkenida . 51…”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of gaseous emissions and soot in 3D-CFD in-cylinder simulations of spark-ignition engines: A methodology to correlate numerical results and experimental data

Berni

Pessina

Paltrinieri

et al. 2022

International Journal of Engine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This method utilizes a heated flame generated by the ionization reaction of the mixture of hydrogen and helium with the air. Polarized electrodes attract electrons that cause the current to flow proportional to the number of carbon atoms that make up hydrocarbons in the sample stream [23]. The control of the sample gas flow rate is critical to determine the concentration because the number of carbon atoms is measured.…”

Section: Heated Flame Ionization Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, development and qualification of compact mobile emissions measurement system (CMEMS) for real-time on-board emissions measurement

Tiwari¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to design, develop and qualify the Compact Mobile Emissions Measurement System (CMEMS) for real-time on-board measurement of exhaust emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles. This study was aimed at developing a system more compact and lighter with respect to the existing Mobile Emissions Measurement System (MEMS), so that the entire system could be mounted on the tail pipe of the test vehicle in order to reduce installation time, power requirements and manpower requirements. This was achieved by judicious selection of commercially available compact solid-state gas analyzers, and development of a sampling system which was significantly smaller than the existing system in the MEMS. Accuracy, linearity, repeatability, interference and response time tests were conducted on all analyzers and components of the sampling system. Pressure and flow rate variation, vibration and inclination tests were also conducted to qualify the system for harsh on-board conditions. Components of the sampling system were selected based on several criteria, such as size, weight, power consumption, robustness and cost. After complete integration, the system was tested on the tail pipe of a Ford F450 Pickup truck and also in an engine laboratory on a DDC series 60 engine to document the system's performance against the MEMS and the laboratory. On a concentration basis, the CMEMS reported a maximum percentage difference of 5.18% for NO x and 3.10% for CO 2 against the MEMS in two on-road tests, which were conducted on a Ford F450 pickup truck. In addition, the CMEMS also reported a difference of 2.36% for NO x and 2.69% for CO 2 measured on the g/s basis against laboratory grade analyzers on seven FTP runs on a 1992 DDC series 60 engine. Differences of 1.87% for NO x and 1.51% for CO 2 were reported on the g/s basis against the laboratory grade analyzers when the series 60 engine was exercised on a simulated on-road cycle. iii Acknowledgment I always thank God for any good thing that takes place in my life. This document is one such good thing for which I cannot thank him enough. There are many more people to whom; I owe many special thanks and sincere gratitude in trying this pursuit of education and learning. However, one person to whom I cannot thank enough is Dr. Gautam. He is a special friend with many; including my family; great advisor to some of the best products of the research arena, and immense support for his family. I was privileged to have him as all. Therefore, waiting no longer, I owe this thesis and a greater part of my personal development to Dr. Gautam. But for him, this pursuit would have never come into existence. I also thank Dr. Clark and Dr. Shade for presiding over the defense committee for this thesis document. Family always stays to my heart's closest. I love my parents and my younger brother and therefore, thank them all for every thing. At this point, I desire to thank Gurudutt for all the professional and emotional support. He inspired me to look beyond my own aspirations and foc...

show abstract

Entscheidende Parameter für Kohlenwasserstoff-Abgasmessungen

2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HC Measurements by Means of Flame Ionization: Background and Limits of Low Emission Measurement

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Modeling of gaseous emissions and soot in 3D-CFD in-cylinder simulations of spark-ignition engines: A methodology to correlate numerical results and experimental data

Modeling of gaseous emissions and soot in 3D-CFD in-cylinder simulations of spark-ignition engines: A methodology to correlate numerical results and experimental data

Design, development and qualification of compact mobile emissions measurement system (CMEMS) for real-time on-board emissions measurement

Entscheidende Parameter für Kohlenwasserstoff-Abgasmessungen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About