Head movements elicited by electrical stimulation of the anteromedial cortex of the rat☆

Sinnamon, Harry M.; Galer, Bradley S.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(84)90098-2

Cited by 83 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The connection from M2 to MPtA and LPtA suggests that parietal cortex and frontal cortex interact in a reciprocal manner, rather than in a simple feed‐forward scheme where accumulated evidence in one area is converted into a categorical representation at a higher level. Lesions of M2 in rats cause a deficit in orienting, while microstimulation elicits orienting type behaviors (Cowey & Bozek, 1974; Sinnamon & Galer, 1984). A recent study has indicated that both the M2 and the SCl are involved in the generation of short term memory representations that are required for sensory orienting (Kopec, Erlich, Brunton, Deisseroth, & Brody, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregated fronto‐cortical and midbrain connections in the mouse and their relation to approach and avoidance orienting behaviors

Savage

McQuade

Thiele

2017

J of Comparative Neurology

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The orchestration of orienting behaviors requires the interaction of many cortical and subcortical areas, for example the superior colliculus (SC), as well as prefrontal areas responsible for top–down control. Orienting involves different behaviors, such as approach and avoidance. In the rat, these behaviors are at least partially mapped onto different SC subdomains, the lateral (SCl) and medial (SCm), respectively. To delineate the circuitry involved in the two types of orienting behavior in mice, we injected retrograde tracer into the intermediate and deep layers of the SCm and SCl, and thereby determined the main input structures to these subdomains. Overall the SCm receives larger numbers of afferents compared to the SCl. The prefrontal cingulate area (Cg), visual, oculomotor, and auditory areas provide strong input to the SCm, while prefrontal motor area 2 (M2), and somatosensory areas provide strong input to the SCl. The prefrontal areas Cg and M2 in turn connect to different cortical and subcortical areas, as determined by anterograde tract tracing. Even though connectivity pattern often overlap, our labeling approaches identified segregated neural circuits involving SCm, Cg, secondary visual cortices, auditory areas, and the dysgranular retrospenial cortex likely to be involved in avoidance behaviors. Conversely, SCl, M2, somatosensory cortex, and the granular retrospenial cortex comprise a network likely involved in approach/appetitive behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregated fronto‐cortical and midbrain connections in the mouse and their relation to approach and avoidance orienting behaviors

Savage

McQuade

Thiele

2017

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Indeed, this area has been suggested to be analogous to the frontal eye field (FEF) of primates, and might thus be part of a rodent frontal orienting field (FOF). 13,[44][45][46] By analogy to the whisker sensorimotor signaling pathway, we speculate that the visual sensory responses in Cg-M2 might also participate in sensory-guided motor control. Cg-M2 densely innervates the central gray and vestibular nuclei (Fig.…”

Section: Functional Roles Of Frontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 96%

Parallel pathways from whisker and visual sensory cortices to distinct frontal regions of mouse neocortex

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The spatial organization of mouse frontal cortex is poorly understood. Here, we used voltage-sensitive dye to image electrical activity in the dorsal cortex of awake head-restrained mice. Whisker-deflection evoked the earliest sensory response in a localized region of primary somatosensory cortex and visual stimulation evoked the earliest responses in a localized region of primary visual cortex. Over the next milliseconds, the initial sensory response spread within the respective primary sensory cortex and into the surrounding higher order sensory cortices. In addition, secondary hotspots in the frontal cortex were evoked by whisker and visual stimulation, with the frontal hotspot for whisker deflection being more anterior and lateral compared to the frontal hotspot evoked by visual stimulation. Investigating axonal projections, we found that the somatosensory whisker cortex and the visual cortex directly innervated frontal cortex, with visual cortex axons innervating a region medial and posterior to the innervation from somatosensory cortex, consistent with the location of sensory responses in frontal cortex. In turn, the axonal outputs of these two frontal cortical areas innervate distinct regions of striatum, superior colliculus, and brainstem. Sensory input, therefore, appears to map onto modality-specific regions of frontal cortex, perhaps participating in distinct sensorimotor transformations, and directing distinct motor outputs.

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“…Stimulation of the ACC induces vocalizations (Jürgens and Pratt, 1979;Tang et al, 2005b;Jürgens, 2009), fear behavior (Johansen and Fields, 2004;Tang et al, 2005a), and motor movements (Penfield and Welch, 1951;Showers, 1959;Hughes and Mazurowski, 1962;Bancaud et al, 1976;Sinnamon and Galer, 1984). Additionally, a recent functional imaging study in humans has demonstrated that the subgenual ACC is involved in making courageous actions in the face of fearful events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Aversive Events and Terminating Fear in the Mouse Anterior Cingulate Cortex during Trace Fear Conditioning

Steenland¹,

Li²,

Zhuo³

2012

J. Neurosci.

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A variety of studies have implicated the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in fear, including permanent storage of fear memory. Recent pharmacological and genetic studies indicate that early synaptic plasticity in the ACC may also contribute to certain forms of fear memory at early time points. However, no study has directly examined the possible changes in neuronal activity of ACC neurons in freely behaving mice during early learning. In the present study, we examined the neural responses of the ACC during trace fear conditioning. We found that ACC putative pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons were involved in the termination of fear behavior ("un-freezing"), and the spike activity of these neurons was reduced during freezing. Some of the neurons were also found to acquire un-freezing locked activity and change their tuning. The results implicate the ACC neurons in fear learning and controlling the abolition of fear behavior. We also show that the ACC is important for making cue-related fear memory associations in the trace fear paradigm as measured with tone-evoked potentials and single-unit activity. Collectively, our findings indicate that the ACC is involved in predicting future aversive events and terminating fear during trace fear.

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Head movements elicited by electrical stimulation of the anteromedial cortex of the rat☆

Cited by 83 publications

References 13 publications

Segregated fronto‐cortical and midbrain connections in the mouse and their relation to approach and avoidance orienting behaviors

Segregated fronto‐cortical and midbrain connections in the mouse and their relation to approach and avoidance orienting behaviors

Parallel pathways from whisker and visual sensory cortices to distinct frontal regions of mouse neocortex

Predicting Aversive Events and Terminating Fear in the Mouse Anterior Cingulate Cortex during Trace Fear Conditioning

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