Head size and growth in the very preterm infant: a literature review

Lee, Karla A.; Hayes, Breda

doi:10.2147/rrn.s74449

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Several studies have shown associations between reduced brain volumes, particularly cerebellar volumes, and impaired neurodevelopment at 2 years [110,111,112]. Head circumference at birth is only predictive of poor neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm babies if poor growth persists postnatally [113]. In ELBW babies, achievement of head circumference z-score at or above −2 by term-equivalent age is associated with better cognitive outcome at 5.5 years of age when compared with those with a head circumference z-score below −2 [100].…”

Section: Early Growth Is Related To Neurodevelopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Early Nutrition on Brain Growth and Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Babies: A Narrative Review

et al. 2019

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Extremely preterm babies are at increased risk of less than optimal neurodevelopment compared with their term-born counterparts. Optimising nutrition is a promising avenue to mitigate the adverse neurodevelopmental consequences of preterm birth. In this narrative review, we summarize current knowledge on how nutrition, and in particular, protein intake, affects neurodevelopment in extremely preterm babies. Observational studies consistently report that higher intravenous and enteral protein intakes are associated with improved growth and possibly neurodevelopment, but differences in methodologies and combinations of intravenous and enteral nutrition strategies make it difficult to determine the effects of each intervention. Unfortunately, there are few randomized controlled trials of nutrition in this population conducted to determine neurodevelopmental outcomes. Substantial variation in reporting of trials, both of nutritional intakes and of outcomes, limits conclusions from meta-analyses. Future studies to determine the effects of nutritional intakes in extremely preterm babies need to be adequately powered to assess neurodevelopmental outcomes separately in boys and girls, and designed to address the many potential confounders which may have clouded research findings to date. The development of minimal reporting sets and core outcome sets for nutrition research will aid future meta-analyses.

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Section: Early Growth Is Related To Neurodevelopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Early Nutrition on Brain Growth and Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Babies: A Narrative Review

et al. 2019

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“…Iron deficiency anemia affects one in every two pregnant women in rural districts in Egypt, and impedes normal intrauterine growth by decreasing oxygen delivery through the placenta to the fetus (24,27). Other studies highlighted the periconceptional multivitamins use and the risk of preterm or SGA (28). Head circumference reflects intracranial volume and correlates with brain size (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric Measurements for Egyptian Preterms at Birth: Single Center Pilot Study

Sabry

Mostafa²,

Mansi

et al. 2022

Pediatric Sciences Journal

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Background: Assessment of fetal growth is a major part of antenatal and perinatal care. It reflects the intrauterine environment quality. Developed countries seem to have larger fetuses than developing countries. Birth body length and head circumference (HC) of the newborn are crucial prognostic parameters in determining intrauterine growth. Aim of work:We aimed to pilot a study to determine whether Fenton charts are applicable to Egyptian preterms. Materials and Methods: This single-center cross-sectional pilot study included 2001 preterm newborns < 37 weeks gestational age. A single measurement of weight, length, and HC was measured at birth from preterms who were not born to diabetic mothers, or mothers with hypertension, do not have chromosomal or structural abnormalities, congenital cyanotic heart diseases, intrauterine growth retardation, and multiple births. We created anthropometric measurements curves using Lambda Mu Sigma (LMS) chart-maker Pro (version 2, 2006) and compared them with Fenton growth charts for preterms. Results:The weight percentiles of our studied preterms were similar to those of Fenton´s in all gestational ages. The 3 rd percentile of length among female preterms, and their 3 rd and 97 th percentiles for head circumference were significantly higher than Fenton's data (p = 0.018). Only the 3 rd and 97th percentiles of HC measurements for our studied boys were significantly higher than Fenton's measurements (p =0.031) and (p =0.016) respectively. Boys (n=1063) were heavier than girls (n= 983) (p = 0.003). Boys were taller than girls, and had bigger head circumference than girls (p = 0.009) and (p=0.000) respectively. Conclusion: Anthropometric measurements of our large studied cohort of preterms was in close agreement of the measurements of Fenton growth charts, apart from the larger head circumference encountered among our studied cohort. Fenton charts are applicable to Egyptian preterms.

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“…In addition, it was found that small head size was associated with poor psychomotor and mental skills, higher prevalence of cerebral palsy, and autism. 34 HC has also been reported as an early biomarker for behavioural traits in young children, more specifically in males. 35 One study examined the association between HC growth from 0 to 12 months and temperament, cognitive, and motor development in infants.…”

Section: Anthropometric Measurement Parameters and Related Health Out...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A systematic literature review investigated head size and head growth in relation to neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. 34 It was found that poor nutrition was linked with poor head growth. In addition, it was found that small head size was associated with poor psychomotor and mental skills, higher prevalence of cerebral palsy, and autism.…”

Section: Anthropometric Measurement Parameters and Related Health Out...mentioning

confidence: 99%

12 Reliability of Two-Person Anthropometric Measurement of Young Children with Parent Facilitator

Rae

Ong

Pullenayegum

et al. 2022

Paediatrics &Amp; Child Health

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Background Body Mass Index is recommended by the World Health Organization for the measurement of growth and the diagnosis of overweight and obesity in children. The reliability of anthropometric measurements is important for assessment of child growth due to the challenges faced when measuring younger children, including the difficulty of having the child remain still during measurement collection. The current gold-standard for anthropometric measurement collection in children in a clinical research setting, set by the World Health Organization, requires the use of two trained anthropometrists. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of anthropometric measurements between two trained anthropometrists working in a pair and one trained anthropometrist working with a child’s parent/caregiver in a primary healthcare setting. Design/Methods An observational study to determine measurement reliability was conducted in a primary care child research network in Canada. 76 children 0 – 5 years old had their length/height, weight, head, arm, and waist circumference measured a total of four consecutive times: twice by two trained anthropometrists working in a pair (researcher-researcher team) and twice by one trained anthropometrist working with a child’s parent/caregiver (researcher-parent team). Inter- and intra- observer reliability was calculated using the technical error of measurement (TEM), relative TEM (%TEM) and the coefficient of reliability (R). Results The %TEM values across both age groups, children 0 - < 2 and 2 – 5 years of age, for length/height and weight were < 2% and the R coefficient values were >0.99, indicating a high degree of inter- and intra- observer reliability. The TEM values were greater for inter- and intra- observer reliability across all age groups for length/height in comparison to other anthropometric measurement parameters, with greater variation seen in the length for children 0 - < 2 years of age. The TEM values across both age groups for inter- and intra- observer reliability of arm circumference was outside of the acceptable range of < 2%, indicating greater measurement error. There was greater variation seen in waist circumference across both age groups. Conclusion This study suggests that anthropometric measurement, including length/height and weight, taken by one trained anthropometrist with the assistance of a parent/caregiver is reliable. These findings can be used to encourage the utilization of a child’s parent/caregiver to assist with anthropometric measurement collection in clinical setting(s) to enhance feasibility and efficiency and reduce the research costs of including a second trained anthropometrist.

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Head size and growth in the very preterm infant: a literature review

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

The Influence of Early Nutrition on Brain Growth and Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Babies: A Narrative Review

The Influence of Early Nutrition on Brain Growth and Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Babies: A Narrative Review

Anthropometric Measurements for Egyptian Preterms at Birth: Single Center Pilot Study

12 Reliability of Two-Person Anthropometric Measurement of Young Children with Parent Facilitator

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