Purpose
We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance and biodistribution of two similar PET agents, [
68
Ga]Ga-P16-093 and [
68
Ga]Ga-PSMA-11, in the same group of primary prostate cancer (PCa) patients.
Methods
Fifty patients with untreated, histologically confirmed PCa by needle biopsy were enrolled. Each patient underwent [
68
Ga]Ga-P16-093 and [
68
Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT within a week. In addition to visual analysis, the standardized uptake value (SUV) was measured for semiquantitative comparison and correlation analysis.
Results
[
68
Ga]Ga-P16-093 PET/CT detected more positive tumors than [
68
Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (202
vs.
190,
P
= 0.002), both for intraprostatic lesions (48
vs.
41,
P
= 0.016) and metastatic lesions (154
vs.
149,
P
= 0.125), especially for intraprostatic lesions in low- and intermediate-risk PCa patients (21/23
vs.
15/23,
P
= 0.031). Furthermore, [
68
Ga]Ga-P16-093 PET/CT exhibited a significantly higher SUVmax for most matched tumors (13.7 ± 10.2
vs.
11.4 ± 8.3,
P
< 0.001). For normal organs, [
68
Ga]Ga-P16-093 PET/CT showed significantly lower activity in the kidney (SUVmean: 20.1 ± 6.1
vs
. 29.3 ± 9.1,
P
< 0.001) and urinary bladder (SUVmean: 6.5 ± 7.1
vs
. 20.9 ± 17.4,
P
< 0.001), but displayed a higher uptake in the parotid gland (SUVmean: 8.7 ± 2.6
vs.
7.6 ± 2.1,
P
< 0.001), liver (SUVmean: 7.0 ± 1.9
vs.
3.7 ± 1.3,
P
< 0.001), and spleen (SUVmean: 8.2 ± 3.0
vs.
5.2 ± 2.2,
P
< 0.001) than [
68
Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.
Conclusion
[
68
Ga]Ga-P16-093 PET/CT demonstrated higher tumor uptake and better tumor detectability than [
68
Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, especially in low- and intermediate-risk PCa patients, which indicated that [
68
Ga]Ga-P16-093 may serve as an alternative agent for detection of PCa.
Trial registration
68
Ga-P16-093 and
68
Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT Imaging in the Same Group of Primary Prostate Cancer Patients (NCT05324332, Registered 12 April 2022, retrospectively registered).
URL of registry
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05324...