Healing substrates with mobile, particle-filled microcapsules: designing a ‘repair and go’ system

Verberg, Rolf; Dale, Alexander T.; Kumar, Prashant; Alexeev, Alexander; Balazs, Anna C.

doi:10.1098/rsif.2006.0165

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Future self-healing systems could incorporate fully autonomic circulatory networks capable of healing large damage volumes, or at the other end of the spectrum, they could rely on self-healing nanostructure such as nanocapsules 85 or migration of nanoparticles. 86,87 Recent developments in mechanochemically active polymers, 88 in which chemical changes are triggered in response to the local stress state, might result in a new class of polymers that are able to sense and repair damage. In addition, new costeffective self-healing chemistries have been introduced (e.g., see Caruso et al 76 ) that will facilitate the transition of selfhealing polymers to commercial applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Youngblood¹,

Sottos²

2008

MRS Bull.

110

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Biological systems have the ability to sense, react, regulate, grow, regenerate, and heal. Recent advances in materials chemistry and micro-and nanoscale fabrication techniques have enabled biologically inspired materials systems that mimic many of these remarkable functions. This issue of MRS Bulletin highlights two promising classes of bioinspired materials systems: surfaces that can self-clean and polymers that can self-heal. Self-cleaning surfaces are based on the superhydrophobic effect, which causes water droplets to roll off with ease, carrying away dirt and debris. Design of these surfaces is inspired by the hydrophobic micro-and nanostructures of a lotus leaf. Self-healing materials are motivated by biological systems in which damage triggers a site-specific, autonomic healing response. Self-healing has been achieved using several different approaches for storing and triggering healing functionality in the polymer. In this issue, we examine the most successful strategies for self-cleaning and self-healing materials and discuss future research directions and opportunities for commercial applications. Bioinspired Materialsfor Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing Jeffrey P. Youngblood and Nancy R. Sottos, Guest Editors water droplets. 11-13 Self-healing materials are inspired by living systems in which minor damage (e.g., a contusion or bruise) triggers an autonomic healing response. Successful healing relies on seamless integration of reactive chemical functionality into a polymer or polymer composite at the microscale, nanoscale, or molecular level. Although these two functions are quite different, together they represent the wide range of autonomic responses achievable through bioinspired design. In this article, we separately introduce the key elements of self-cleaning and self-healing materials systems and identify the scientific challenges and successful strategies for continued advancement of these nascent fields. Self-Cleaning SurfacesInterest in self-cleaning surfaces has been rekindled because of the newfound ability to structure surfaces on the submicron scale over large planar areas relevant to macroscale wetting. These structured surfaces allow the so-called "lotus-leaf effect," whereby water droplets are shed easily from certain structures, carrying away dirt and other debris. 11-13 Such bioinspired topographical methods toward self-cleaning are the focus of this review.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Youngblood¹,

Sottos²

2008

MRS Bull.

110

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“…For example, Verberg et al used a hybrid approach with a coupled Lattice Boltzmann Model (LBM) and a Lattice Spring Model (LSM) to simulate the motion of microcapsules on a substrate with an adhesive coating under the effect of an imposed flow. 11 Maiti et al studied the behavior of SH polymers applying coarse grained molecular dynamics on the atomistic scale in order to compute necessary parameters (e.g., local elastic modulus, reaction rates and cure kinetics) for the continuum macroscopic scale model. 12 Balazs and coworkers developed a hybrid computational approach using LSM and the Hierarchical Bell Model (HBM) to investigate the mechanical properties and SH behavior of nanogel particles connected by stable and labile bonds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Healing of Hierarchical Materials

Bosia¹,

Abdalrahman

Pugno

2014

Langmuir

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We present a theoretical and numerical analysis of the mechanical behavior of self-healing materials using an analytical model and numerical calculations both based on a Hierarchical Fiber Bundle Model, and applying them to graphene-or carbon-nanotube-based materials. The self-healing process can be described essentially through a single parameter, that is, the healing rate, but numerical simulations also highlight the influence of the location of the healing process on the overall strengthening and toughening of the material. The role of hierarchy is discussed, showing that full-scale hierarchical structures can in fact acquire more favorable properties than smaller, nonhierarchical ones through interaction with the self-healing process, thus inverting the common notion in fracture mechanics that specimen strength increases with decreasing size. Further, the study demonstrates that the developed analytical and numerical tools can be useful to develop strategies for the optimization of strength and toughness of synthetic bioinspired materials.

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“…These types of structures have been proposed as tools for "repair-and-go" drug delivery, in which one hemisphere presents a stealth shield to the environment, whereas the other hemisphere binds to a surface defect and delivers the drugs necessary for repair. After healing the defect, the capsule may release from the site and move to another in need of repair (1,22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Janus dendrimersomes coassembled from fluorinated, hydrogenated, and hybrid Janus dendrimers as models for cell fusion and fission

Xiao

Sherman

Wilner

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

203

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A three-component system of Janus dendrimers (JDs) including hydrogenated, fluorinated, and hybrid hydrogenated-fluorinated JDs are reported to coassemble by film hydration at specific ratios into an unprecedented class of supramolecular Janus particles (JPs) denoted Janus dendrimersomes (JDSs). They consist of a dumbbellshaped structure composed of an onion-like hydrogenated vesicle and an onion-like fluorinated vesicle tethered together. The synthesis of dye-tagged analogs of each JD component enabled characterization of JDS architectures with confocal fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, a simple injection method was used to prepare submicron JDSs, which were imaged with cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). As reported previously, different ratios of the same three-component system yielded a variety of structures including homogenous onion-like vesicles, core-shell structures, and completely self-sorted hydrogenated and fluorinated vesicles. Taken together with the JDSs reported herein, a self-sorting pathway is revealed as a function of the relative concentration of the hybrid JD, which may serve to stabilize the interface between hydrogenated and fluorinated bilayers. The fission-like pathway suggests the possibility of fusion and fission processes in biological systems that do not require the assistance of proteins but instead may result from alterations in the ratios of membrane composition.Janus particles | onion-like vesicles | self-sorting | fusion mechanism J anus particles (JPs) are nanoscale or microscale objects that exhibit two-faced asymmetry, enabling the presentation of vastly different chemical or physical properties localized at distinct parts of the same structure. They have been prepared as unimolecular systems in the form of dendrimers, dendrimer-like polymers, heterografted polymers, and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes; as supramolecular assemblies from lipids, block copolymers, and terpolymers and other polymers; as liquid crystals; and as inorganic nanoparticles. JPs have gained increasing attention due to their application in a variety of fields including as emulsion stabilizers, facilitators for the development of novel liquid/liquid and liquid/air interfaces among other interfacial applications, optical nanoprobes, electronic inks, self-propelling beads, targeted stealth drug delivery systems, MRI contrast agents, and theranostics agents, among other biomedical applications (1).Asymmetric molecules such as phospholipids, block copolymers, and Janus dendrimers (JDs) can be thought of as the molecularlevel equivalent of JPs. Phospholipids are the major building block of the bilayers of biological membranes. Synthetic vesicles, which mimic biological membranes, have been prepared from phospholipids and are denoted liposomes. As the result of their instability due to oxidation, phospholipids must be coassembled with cholesterol and polyethylene glycol-conjugated phospholipids to form stable liposomes (2, 3). Furthermore, time-consuming fractionation and extrusio...

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Healing substrates with mobile, particle-filled microcapsules: designing a ‘repair and go’ system

Cited by 57 publications

References 25 publications

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Bioinspired Materials for Self-Cleaning and Self-Healing

Self-Healing of Hierarchical Materials

Janus dendrimersomes coassembled from fluorinated, hydrogenated, and hybrid Janus dendrimers as models for cell fusion and fission

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