Health and economic benefits of WHO air quality guidelines, Western Pacific Region

Egerstrom, Nicole; Rojas-Rueda, David; Martuzzi, Marco; Jalaludin, Bin; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark; So, Rina; Lim, Youn‐Hee; Loft, Steffen; Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic; Cole-Hunter, Thomas

doi:10.2471/blt.22.288938

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Health benefits that are related to an improvement of ambient air quality in the Central Region of Romania are similar to previous estimates obtained from different other studies conducted worldwide [25,28,[32][33][34][35][36][37]. According to our study, a reduction in short-term exposure to PM 2.5 by 5 µg/m 3 results in an annual avoidance of non-external deaths ranging from 50.6 to 65.7 per 100,000 inhabitants.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Toxicity Risk Assessment Due to Particulate Matter Pollution from Regional Health Data: Case Study from Central Romania

Maftei,

Vaseashta,

Poinareanu

2024

Toxics

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Air pollution poses one of the greatest dangers to public well-being. This article outlines a study conducted in the Central Romania Region regarding the health risks associated with particulate matter (PM) of two sizes, viz., PM10 and PM2.5. The methodology used consists of the following: (i) an analysis of the effects of PM pollutants, (ii) an analysis of total mortality and cardiovascular-related mortality, and (iii) a general health risk assessment. The Central Region of Romania is situated in the Carpathian Mountains’ inner arch (consisting of six counties). The total population of the region under investigation is about 2.6 million inhabitants. Health risk assessment is calculated based on the relative risk (RR) formula. During the study period, our simulations show that reducing these pollutants’ concentrations below the new WHO guidelines (2021) will prevent over 172 total fatalities in Brasov alone, as an example. Furthermore, the potential benefit of reducing annual PM2.5 levels on total cardiovascular mortality is around 188 persons in Brasov. Although health benefits may also depend upon other physiological parameters, all general health indicators point towards a significant improvement in overall health by a general reduction in particulate matter, as is shown by the toxicity assessment of the particulate matter in the region of interest. The modality can be applied to other locations for similar studies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Toxicity Risk Assessment Due to Particulate Matter Pollution from Regional Health Data: Case Study from Central Romania

Maftei,

Vaseashta,

Poinareanu

2024

Toxics

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“…When comparing AirQ with AirQ+ studies in terms of RR (Supplementary Figure S7; Supplementary Table S3), 92% of AirQ+ studies have used the default RR values in the software; 83% of them stated that they used the RR of AirQ+ software and 9% have reported that they have utilized RR from the previously published HRA articles [42,62,63,67,[84][85][86][87] (Supplementary Figure S7). The study [88], for instance, stated that "The default relative risk (RR) values available in the AirQ+ software for each health endpoint were retained for the analysis."…”

Section: Choice Of Relative Risk (Rr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Decades of Air Pollution Health Risk Assessment: Insights From the Use of WHO’s AirQ and AirQ+ Tools

Amini,

Yousefian,

Faridi

et al. 2024

Public Health Rev

Self Cite

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ObjectivesWe evaluated studies that used the World Health Organization’s (WHO) AirQ and AirQ+ tools for air pollution (AP) health risk assessment (HRA) and provided best practice suggestions for future assessments.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive review of studies using WHO’s AirQ and AirQ+ tools, searching several databases for relevant articles, reports, and theses from inception to Dec 31, 2022.ResultsWe identified 286 studies that met our criteria. The studies were conducted in 69 countries, with most (57%) in Iran, followed by Italy and India (∼8% each). We found that many studies inadequately report air pollution exposure data, its quality, and validity. The decisions concerning the analysed population size, health outcomes of interest, baseline incidence, concentration-response functions, relative risk values, and counterfactual values are often not justified, sufficiently. Many studies lack an uncertainty assessment.ConclusionOur review found a number of common shortcomings in the published assessments. We suggest better practices and urge future studies to focus on the quality of input data, its reporting, and associated uncertainties.

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“…Air pollution is a major public health hazard across the world, accounting for an estimated 6.7 million premature deaths each year (Egerstrom N. et al, 2023). Human activities such as industrialization, transportation, and energy production contribute to the release of harmful pollutants into the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds (Richard, G. et al, 2022).…”

Section: Green Spaces and Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

People-plant Interaction: Plant Impact on Humans and Environment

Niazi

Alimyar

Azizi

et al. 2023

jeas

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People-plant interaction studies the complex interactions that exist between humans and the natural environment, particularly plants; it is a thorough research that covers a wide range of views, including ecological, cultural, and psychological aspects. People-plant interaction, at its foundation, investigates how humans use plants as resources and imbue them with cultural and spiritual values, plants have provided humans with food, medicine, and shelter for millennia, and they have considerable cultural and symbolic importance in various nations and cultures. Furthermore, research on people-plant interactions emphasizes the numerous ways in which exposure to plants might promote human health. Exposure to nature, particularly plants, has been demonstrated in studies to help decrease stress and boost productivity. Indoor plants have been shown to enhance air quality and provide a more pleasant environment for humans to work and live in. With our planet's serious environmental issues, understanding the intricate interactions between humans and plants is more crucial than ever. Human-caused environmental changes, such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change, have a significant influence on the natural world, including plants.

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Health and economic benefits of WHO air quality guidelines, Western Pacific Region

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Toxicity Risk Assessment Due to Particulate Matter Pollution from Regional Health Data: Case Study from Central Romania

Toxicity Risk Assessment Due to Particulate Matter Pollution from Regional Health Data: Case Study from Central Romania

Two Decades of Air Pollution Health Risk Assessment: Insights From the Use of WHO’s AirQ and AirQ+ Tools

People-plant Interaction: Plant Impact on Humans and Environment

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