Health and Safety Issues for Travelers Attending the World Cup and Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in Brazil, 2014 to 2016

Gaines, Joanna; Sotir, Mark J.; Cunningham, Timothy J.; Harvey, Kira; Lee, C. Virginia; Stoney, Rhett J.; Gershman, Mark D.; Brunette, Gary W.; Kozarsky, Phyllis E.

doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.2227

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The studies were divided by design into 11 scoping reviews ( 10 , 12 , 28 , 30 – 33 , 38 , 45 – 47 , 50 ), three cross-sectional studies ( 14 , 40 , 41 ), four editorials ( 8 , 9 , 13 , 37 ), two series reports ( 16 , 34 ), one randomized controlled study ( 15 ), one commentary ( 29 ), one summary of national surveillance data ( 11 ), one special communication ( 35 ), one comment ( 42 ), one report ( 43 ), one case study ( 44 ), one epidemiological study ( 48 ), one participatory surveillance ( 49 ), one letter to the editor ( 51 ), one prospective case-control survey ( 52 ), one epidemiological study ( 48 ), and two articles were not specified ( 36 , 39 ). The majority of these studies reported their findings from one country, one study reported data from two countries, and 12 studies were not in specific countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of the risk factors and strategies followed for the prevention of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases during sports mass gatherings: Recommendations for future FIFA World Cups

Alhussaini

Elshaikh

Hamad

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveSports mass gatherings of people pose particular concerns and place an additional burden on the host countries and the countries of origin of the travelers. It is imperative to identify how countries dealt with various communicable diseases in the context of previous world cups and identify possible advice for protection from outbreaks.MethodsA scoping review was employed in this study and a PRISMA extension for scoping reviews was employed to guide the reporting of this study. A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SportDiscus, and Google scholar. The search strategy included two main strings viz “communicable disease” AND “sport” AND “setting” as keywords for each string. A total of 34 studies were included in this review.ResultsInformation on risk factors for infectious diseases during FIFA, and recommendations for disease prevention in various stages of the event: pre-event, during, and post-event were charted. These strategies can be achieved with the empowerment of the public by enhancing their social responsibility and the coordination between the healthcare system, the ministry of public health, and other stakeholders.ConclusionThe findings will support planning for protection strategies to prevent any outbreak while having the FIFA World Cup or any other sports gatherings. A model was constructed to present the findings and recommendations from this review.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of the risk factors and strategies followed for the prevention of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases during sports mass gatherings: Recommendations for future FIFA World Cups

Alhussaini

Elshaikh

Hamad

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…22 That same year, Gaines et al suggested that visitors receive orientation about travel medicine at least four weeks before the competitions, including vaccination, traveler's diarrhea, skin parasites, and risky behaviors. 23 The impacts of infectious diseases on MEs were initially noted for transmission through food and water, but rare outbreaks of other diseases have occurred internationally. Small measles outbreaks occurred at the 1991 Special Olympics in Minneapolis, in the United States, and at smaller events.…”

Section: Communicable Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Planning for Mass Gathering Sports Events in Brazil

Filho

Arliani

Yamada

et al. 2023

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Medical planning for mass gathering events is founded on the structuring of assistance to the population involved and the preservation of the response capacities of the local healthcare system. Large sporting events attended by crowds are increasingly common in society. These events have been shown to be dangerous, generating higher incidences of injuries and illnesses than usual. Thus, planning and the interaction among various public and private sectors are required for the prevention of and response to emergencies and incidents involving multiple victims. Methods: Recently published studies on medical planning for large sports events and current federal agency legislation were selected to conduct an updated review on the subject. Results: After reading titles and abstracts, 159 papers were chosen for a full reading, 50 of which met the eligibility criteria and were included as the basis for this review. The size of the audience, the weather, and the behavior of the crowd seem to contribute significantly to the estimated need for resources in sporting events. Conclusion: Mass events require planning for prevention and to strengthen the resilience of host communities. There is a still a lack of evidence that these events increase the risk of the mass spreading of disease. Level of Evidence: V; Expert opinion .

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“…Sexual transmission was the main transmission route for such infections. The distribution of condoms and health-related messages about safer sex might have contributed to the successful control of blood-borne infections during major sports events [46][47][48] (Multimedia Appendix 1 Tables S1 and S2).…”

Section: Blood-borne Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks, Epidemics, and Prevention Measures of Infectious Diseases in Major Sports Events: Scoping Review

Yan

Fang

et al. 2022

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Major sports events are the focus of the world. However, the gathering of crowds during these events creates huge risks of infectious diseases transmission, posing a significant public health threat. Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review the epidemiological characteristics and prevention measures of infectious diseases at major sports events. Methods The procedure of this scoping review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step methodological framework. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, were searched systematically. The general information (ie, publication year, study type) of each study, sports events’ features (ie, date and host location), infectious diseases’ epidemiological characteristics (ie, epidemics, risk factors), prevention measures, and surveillance paradigm were extracted, categorized, and summarized. Results A total of 24,460 articles were retrieved from the databases and 358 studies were included in the final data synthesis based on selection criteria. A rapid growth of studies was found over recent years. The number of studies investigating epidemics and risk factors for sports events increased from 16/254 (6.3%) before 2000 to 201/254 (79.1%) after 2010. Studies focusing on prevention measures of infectious diseases accounted for 85.0% (238/280) of the articles published after 2010. A variety of infectious diseases have been reported, including respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal infection, vector-borne infection, blood-borne infection, and water-contact infection. Among them, respiratory tract infections were the most concerning diseases (250/358, 69.8%). Besides some routine prevention measures targeted at risk factors of different diseases, strengthening surveillance was highlighted in the literature. The surveillance system appeared to have gone through three stages of development, including manual archiving, network-based systems, and automated intelligent platforms. Conclusions This critical summary and collation of previous empirical evidence is meaningful to provide references for holding major sports events. It is essential to improve the surveillance techniques for timely detection of the emergence of epidemics and to improve risk perception in future practice.

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Health and Safety Issues for Travelers Attending the World Cup and Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in Brazil, 2014 to 2016

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

A scoping review of the risk factors and strategies followed for the prevention of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases during sports mass gatherings: Recommendations for future FIFA World Cups

A scoping review of the risk factors and strategies followed for the prevention of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases during sports mass gatherings: Recommendations for future FIFA World Cups

Medical Planning for Mass Gathering Sports Events in Brazil

Risks, Epidemics, and Prevention Measures of Infectious Diseases in Major Sports Events: Scoping Review

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