Health behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes toward cardiovascular disease risk factors in young Iraqi adults: a sample from Erbil, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease continues to be a leading cause of death among young people globally. This cross-sectional study was designed to assess the health behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes regarding cardiovascular disease risk factors among young adults in Erbil, Iraq.Methods: Data were collected using the WHO STEPS Instrument for Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance and the Heart Disease Fact Questions.Results: Ninety percent of participants demonstrated moderate to high knowledge and exhibited a positive attitude. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that while a history of smoking, a lack of knowledge, and the absence of formal education negatively impacted knowledge levels, being aged 38 to 45 years, recognizing the importance of consuming less salt, walking for at least 10 minutes on 5 or more days per week, and regularly checking blood sugar levels positively contributed to knowledge. Unwillingness to change lifestyle had the most significant negative influence on knowledge.Conclusions: Establishing effective educational interventions may increase knowledge and promote more positive attitudes.