Health Care Financing in China

Wen, Chi‐Pang; Hays, Charles W.

doi:10.1097/00005650-197603000-00005

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Moreover, in Japan it has been possible to collect insurance contributions from rural households, with supplements from the government (Higuchi, 1974). Similar strategies in Chinese communes have been described as 'rural health cooperatives' (Wen and Hays, 1976).…”

Section: Appraisal Of Social Security For Health Carementioning

confidence: 89%

Health system financing by social security

Roemer

1987

Health Planning & Management

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The article reviews, through a historical perspective, the development world-wide in social security systems for financing health care, considers the various patterns of health care funded by such systems, and identifies a number of the strengths and alleged weaknesses of the health insurance concept especially in the developing world. Though a range of options exists for mobilizing additional resources to the health sector, the adoption of statutory health insurance stands out as the single most practical strategy for increasing expenditures in health systems--especially expenditures on organized patterns of delivering primary health care.

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Section: Appraisal Of Social Security For Health Carementioning

confidence: 89%

Health system financing by social security

Roemer

1987

Health Planning & Management

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“…The CMS covered 90 % of the rural population by 1978 [7]. Most of the charges, outpatient and inpatient, were reimbursable through the member's CMS plan while out-of-pocket payment was nominal and minimum [8].…”

Section: The Chinese Health Care System and Its Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Universal Health Coverage via Social Health Insurance in China: Systemic Fragmentation, Reform Imperatives, and Policy Alternatives

Wu²

2016

Appl Health Econ Health Policy

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China's remarkable progress in building a comprehensive social health insurance (SHI) system was swift and impressive. Yet the country's decentralized and incremental approach towards universal coverage has created a fragmented SHI system under which a series of structural deficiencies have emerged with negative impacts. First, contingent on local conditions and financing capacity, benefit packages vary considerably across schemes, leading to systematic inequity. Second, the existence of multiple schemes, complicated by massive migration, has resulted in weak portability of SHI, creating further barriers to access. Third, many individuals are enrolled on multiple schemes, which causes inefficient use of government subsidies. Moral hazard and adverse selection are not effectively managed. The Chinese government announced its blueprint for integrating the urban and rural resident schemes in early 2016, paving the way for the ultimate consolidation of all SHI schemes and equal benefits for all. This article proposes three policy alternatives to inform the consolidation: (1) a single-pool system at the prefectural level with significant government subsidies, (2) a dual-pool system at the prefectural level with risk-equalization mechanisms, and (3) a household approach without merging existing pools. Vertical integration to the provincial level is unlikely to happen in the near future. Two caveats are raised to inform this transition towards universal health coverage.

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The Great Reversal: Transformation of Health Care in the People's Republic of China

Chen¹

2001

The Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology

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Health Care Financing in China

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Health system financing by social security

Health system financing by social security

Towards Universal Health Coverage via Social Health Insurance in China: Systemic Fragmentation, Reform Imperatives, and Policy Alternatives

The Great Reversal: Transformation of Health Care in the People's Republic of China

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