Health disparities, race, and the global pandemic of COVID‐19: The demise of Black Americans

Hill, Lilian H.; Holland, Rebecca

doi:10.1002/ace.20425

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…While the analyses controlled for education level and employment status where appropriate, we did not ask for information about income levels, occupational group, or other indicators of socioeconomic status in any of the three surveys. Prior studies have shown that better mental health is associated with people of higher socioeconomic status [33,34]. Thus, if the study reached a selected group of Black/African Americans with higher socioeconomic statuses and, comparatively, individuals of other ethnic identities with lower socioeconomic status, such differences may contribute to explaining the group differences in psychological distress in favor of those identifying as Black/African Americans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Psychosocial Health of Black/African Americans Compared with People of Other Races/Ethnic Origins during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Price,

Bonsaksen,

Leung

et al. 2024

COVID

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This study compared the psychosocial health between Black/African Americans and other ethnic groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using self-report questionnaires, data were collected at three time points from April 2020 to January 2022, controlling for education and employment status. Surprisingly, Black/African American participants consistently reported lower psychological distress compared to their counterparts. However, they initially reported lower quality of life, which improved over time, eventually surpassing that of the other groups by January 2022. These findings suggest resilience among Black/African Americans despite historical marginalization. Socioeconomic factors and historical context may have influenced these disparities, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to support marginalized communities during crises.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Psychosocial Health of Black/African Americans Compared with People of Other Races/Ethnic Origins during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Price,

Bonsaksen,

Leung

et al. 2024

COVID

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“…3,31,32 Previous studies have documented this rapid increase but not specifically among patients with diabetes in a safety net environment. The COVID-19 pandemic emphasized disparities across vulnerable populations, [33][34][35][36] thus we are encouraged by the swift uptake of telehealth by chronic disease patients in these underserved communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Telehealth in Improving Care Connections and Outcomes for Community Health Center Patients with Diabetes

Simon,

Eggleston,

Bright

et al. 2024

J Am Board Fam Med

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Introduction: Does telehealth decrease health disparities by improving connections to care or simply result in new barriers for vulnerable populations who often lack access to technology? This study aims to better understand the role of telehealth and social determinants of health in improving care connections and outcomes for Community Health Center patients with diabetes.Methods: This retrospective analysis of Electronic Health Record (EHR) data examined the relationship between telehealth utilization and glycemic control and consistency of connection to the health care team ("connectivity"). EHR data were collected from 20 Community Health Centers from July 1, 2019 through December 31, 2021. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and multivariable linear regression was used to assess the associations between telehealth use and engagement in care and glycemic control.Results: The adjusted analysis found positive, statistically significant associations between telehealth use and each of the 2 primary outcomes. Telehealth use was associated with 0.89 additional months of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) control (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 1.04) and 4.49 additional months of connection to care (95% CI, 4.27 to 4.70).Discussion: The demonstrated increased engagement in primary care for telehealth users is significant and encouraging as Community Health Center populations are at greater risk of lapses in care and loss to follow up.Conclusions: Telehealth can be a highly effective, patient-centered form of care for people with diabetes. Telehealth can play a critical role in keeping vulnerable patients with diabetes connected to their care team and involved in care and may be an important tool for reducing health disparities.

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“…While much of the global health funding and programmatic infrastructure is centered in the global North, researchers from, and institutions dedicated to Indigenous/minoritized groups have had limited access. For example, in the United States, Canada, Australia, researchers from Indigenous and minoritized groups such as Native American, Black, Latino and Aboriginal people have historically been marginalized or excluded from research leadership, participation and benefits (Hill and Holland, 2021;Laird et al, 2021;Roach and McMillan, 2022;Garba et al, 2023). We acknowledge existing literature on Indigenous decolonization in academia, and recognize the foundational health knowledge and shared experiences of marginalized populations in the global North (Held, 2019;Willows and Blanchet, 2022;Eisenkraft Klein and Shawanda, 2023;Garba et al, 2023;Wispelwey et al, 2023).…”

Section: Local Global Northmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proposed guide to reducing bias and improving assessments of decolonization in global health research

Ngaruiya,

Muhammad,

Sam-Agudu

2024

Front. Educ.

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IntroductionThe movement to decolonize global health encompasses efforts to dismantle historically inequitable structures and processes in global health research, education, and practice. However, despite increasing literature on the decolonization of global health, gaps between action and knowledge exist in assessments of knowledge production. In this Perspective, we will outline potential biases in current approaches to assessing knowledge production and propose a systems-focused guide to improve the interrogation of knowledge production in this field.MethodsWe leverage the “Inner Setting” and “Outer Setting” domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), a well-established, commonly-used implementation science framework to critically assess the status quo of decolonization and to develop criteria to help guide decolonization efforts in academic contexts. We defined the Inner Setting as academic and research institutions leading and participating in global health research collaborations, and the Outer Setting as the funding, editorial, and peer review policies and practices that influence knowledge production in global health. Research institutions in the Inner organizational domain continually interact with the Outer policy domains. We categorize the levels at which decolonization may occur and where action should be focused as follows: (1) North–South, (2) South–South, (3) Local South, and (4) Local North. Using CFIR domains and the levels of action for decolonization, we propose a multi-level guide to improve on the standardization, granularity, and accuracy of decolonization assessments in global health research.Conclusion and expected impactThe proposed guide is informed by our global health research expertise and experiences as African scientists with extensive exposure in both global North and global South research contexts. We expect that the proposed guide will help to identify and address the biases identified and will lead to better knowledge-driven action in the process of decolonizing global health research.

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Health disparities, race, and the global pandemic of COVID‐19: The demise of Black Americans

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

The Psychosocial Health of Black/African Americans Compared with People of Other Races/Ethnic Origins during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Psychosocial Health of Black/African Americans Compared with People of Other Races/Ethnic Origins during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Role of Telehealth in Improving Care Connections and Outcomes for Community Health Center Patients with Diabetes

A proposed guide to reducing bias and improving assessments of decolonization in global health research

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