Health effects associated with wastewater treatment, disposal and reuse

Kindzierski, Warren B.; Gabos, Stephen

doi:10.2175/106143096x135687

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It does not concern pathogenic bacteria [39]. Despite the fact a number of epidemiological studies about the incidence of infection due to microbial pathogens in wastewater have concluded that there is little or no grater risk to exposed community due to wastewater reuse when compared to the incidence of disease in general community [40,41]; our study highlighted that wastewaters contain a large amount of pathogenic bacteria that present a real impact in human health. In fact, wastewaters treatment reduced the number of pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella microorganisms but did not remove all pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Bacteriological and physico-chemical assessment of wastewater in different region of Tunisia: impact on human health

et al. 2011

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BackgroundIn many parts of the world, health problems and diseases have often been caused by discharging untreated or inadequately treated wastewater. In this study, we aimed to control physico-chemical parameters in wastewater samples. Also, microbiological analyses were done to reveal Salmonella strains and each Escherichia coli (E.coli) pathotype.FindingsSixty wastewater samples were collected from fifteen different regions of Tunisia. All physico-chemical parameters (pH, residual free chlorine, total suspended solids, biological oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand) were evaluated.For microbiological analyses, samples were filtered to concentrate bacteria. DNA was extracted by boiling and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using different pairs of primers.The mean pH values recorded for the sampling point were above the WHO pH tolerance limit. The total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations varied between 240 mg/L and 733 mg/L in entrance points and between 13 mg/L and 76 mg/L in exit points. In entrance points, the studied wastewater has an average COD concentration that varied between 795 mg/mL to 1420 mg/mL. Whereas, BOD concentration of the wastewater ranged between 270 mg/L to 610 mg/L. In exit points, COD concentration varied between 59 mg/L and 141 mg/L, whereas BOD concentration ranged from 15 mg/L to 87 mg/L.The bacteriological control of wastewaters showed that, in entrance points, Escherichia coli (E.coli) was detected at the rate of 76.6%. Three E.coli pathotypes were found: ETEC (53.3%), EAEC (16.6%) and EIEC (6.6%).Concerning the ETEC isolated strains, 8 of 16 (50%) have only the heat-labile toxin gene, 5 of 16 (31.2%) present only the heat-stable toxin gene and 3 of 16 (18.7%) of strains possess both heat-labile toxin gene and heat-stable toxin gene. In exist point, the same pathotypes were found but all detected ETEC strains present only the "est" gene.Concerning Salmonella isolated strains; percentages of 66.6% and 20% were found in entrance and exit points respectively.ConclusionsWastewaters contain a large amount of pathogenic bacteria that present a real impact on human health. Assessment wastewater treatment stations have to consider in account enterobacterial pathogens as potential pathogens that should be correctly controlled.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Bacteriological and physico-chemical assessment of wastewater in different region of Tunisia: impact on human health

et al. 2011

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“…Yes. Six review papers (Ashbolt, 1996; Barrell et al , 2000; Mugglestone et al , 2000; Kindzierski and Gabos, 1996; Pruss, 1998) and 37 primary studies were found about the health effects of recreational bathing in sewage contaminated waters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human health impact of waste management practices

Saffron

Giusti²,

Pheby³

2003

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal

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If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation.Abstract A literature review was carried out of the health impacts of incineration, landfill, composting, landspreading sewage sludge and sewage discharges. A protocol for making judgements about the strength and reliability of the evidence was applied using an algorithm with defined criteria. Possible judgements were "convincing", "probable", "possible" or "insufficient". The review found that the evidence linking any adverse health outcomes with incineration, landfill or landspreading sewage sludge was "insufficient" to claim a causal association. The evidence is "insufficient" to link residence near a centralised composting facility with adverse health outcomes but it is "possible" that working at a centralised composting facility causes health problems. Working in sewage treatment plants "probably" causes gastrointestinal tract problems, headache, fatigue and airways symptoms. The only "convincing" evidence is that gastrointestinal symptoms result from bathing in sewage contaminated recreational waters.

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“…Los parámetros utilizados para evaluar la calidad microbiológica del agua, suelos y lechugas se muestran en la Tabla 1. El riesgo para la población está relacionado con la transmisión de enfermedades de origen hídrico, especialmente diarreas, las cuales son causantes de un alto porcentaje de morbimortalidad en países en vías de desarrollo (19).…”

Section: Parámetros Evaluados Y Protocolosunclassified