Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Chow, Judith C.

doi:10.1080/10473289.2006.10464484

Cited by 65 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…PM 2.5 has been found to be associated with both short-term and long-term adverse health effects (Dockery et al, 1993; Schwartz, 2000; Laden et al, 2000; Kunzli et al, 2001; Boldo et al, 2006; Chow et al, 2006; Pope and Dockery, 2013; Lu et al, 2015). According to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 assessment, 3.2 million premature deaths per year were attributable to ambient PM2.5 exposure, and PM2.5 is one of the leading risk factors for premature mortality (Cohen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A county-level estimate of PM 2.5 related chronic mortality risk in China based on multi-model exposure data

Wang

et al. 2018

Environment International

132

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Background Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is currently a serious environmental problem in China, but evidence of health effects with higher resolution and spatial coverage is insufficient. Objective This study aims to provide a better overall understanding of long-term mortality effects of PM2.5 pollution in China and a county-level spatial map for estimating PM2.5 related premature deaths of the entire country. Method Using four sets of satellite-derived PM2.5 concentration data and the integrated exposure-response model which has been employed by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) to estimate global mortality of ambient and household air pollution in 2010, we estimated PM2.5 related premature mortality for five endpoints across China in 2010. Result Premature deaths attributed to PM2.5 nationwide amounted to 1.27 million in total, and 119,167, 83,976, 390,266, 670,906 for adult chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, respectively; 3995 deaths for acute lower respiratory infections were estimated in children under the age of 5. About half of the premature deaths were from counties with annual average PM2.5 concentrations above 63.61 μg/m3, which cover 16.97% of the Chinese territory. These counties were largely located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the North China Plain. High population density and high pollution areas exhibited the highest health risks attributed to air pollution. On a per capita basis, the highest values were mostly located in heavily polluted industrial regions. Conclusion PM2.5-attributable health risk is closely associated with high population density and high levels of pollution in China. Further estimates using long-term historical exposure data and concentration-response (C-R) relationships should be completed in the future to investigate longer-term trends in the effects of PM2.5.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A county-level estimate of PM 2.5 related chronic mortality risk in China based on multi-model exposure data

Wang

et al. 2018

Environment International

132

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“…A number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between high concentrations of PM, particularly that with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ), and an increased risk of cancer development (3). In Northern China, coal combustion is used widely and extensively in rural areas for cooking and heating (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric particulate matter2.5 promotes the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

et al. 2017

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Epidemiological data has demonstrated that particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is associated with cancer incidence. However, the precise mechanisms underlying PM2.5-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma cancer (HCC) migration and invasion remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the response of the HCC cell lines HepG2 and HuH-7 to PM2.5 exposure. The results revealed that PM2.5 treatment promoted the migration and invasion of HCC cells, in addition to increasing protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13. Additionally, PM2.5 induced intracellular reactive oxygen species formation in HCC cells. Further investigation revealed that phosphorylation of RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) increased in response to PM2.5 exposure in HCC cells, and the AKT antagonist LY294002 reduced PM2.5-induced migration, invasion and MMP-13 expression. In addition, the data from the present study demonstrated that high concentrations of PM2.5 decreased the proliferation of normal HL7702 hepatocyte cells and promoted apoptosis. These results indicate that the activation of AKT by PM2.5 results in MMP-13 overexpression, and stimulates HCC cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, the results from the present study demonstrate that PM2.5 promotes HCC development and elucidate a potential underlying molecular mechanism for this effect.

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“…Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) consists of a complex mixture of various organic and inorganic compounds known for causing serious adverse effects on human health (Chow, 2006;Pope et al, 2009), in particular close to primary sources in urban environments. Through acidic deposition, it also affects both ecosystems (Camargo and Alonso, 2006;Grantz et al, 2003) and monuments (Lombardo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the ammonium nitrate formation regime in the Paris megacity and its representation in the CHIMERE model

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Secondary inorganic compounds represent a major fraction of fine aerosol in the Paris megacity. The thermodynamics behind their formation is now relatively well constrained but, due to sparse direct measurements of their precursors (in particular NH3 and HNO3), uncertainties remain on their concentrations and variability as well as the formation regime of ammonium nitrate (in terms of limited species among NH3 and HNO3) in urban environments such as Paris. This study presents the first urban background measurements of both inorganic aerosol compounds and their gaseous precursors during several months within the city of Paris. Intense agriculture-related NH3 episodes are observed in spring/summer while HNO3 concentrations remain relatively low, even during summer, which leads to a NH3-rich regime in Paris. The local formation of ammonium nitrate within the city appears low, despite high NOx emissions. The data set also allows evaluating the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model (CTM). Interestingly, the rather good results obtained on ammonium nitrates hide significant errors on gaseous precursors (e.g., mean bias of −75 and +195 % for NH3 and HNO3, respectively). This leads to a misrepresentation of the nitrate formation regime through a highly underestimated gas ratio metric (introduced by Ansari and Pandis, 1998) and a much higher sensitivity of nitrate concentrations to ammonia changes. Several uncertainty sources are investigated, pointing out the importance of better assessing both NH3 agricultural emissions and OH concentrations in the future. These results remind us of the caution required when using of CTMs for emission scenario analysis, highlighting the importance of prior diagnostic and dynamic evaluations.

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Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Cited by 65 publications

References 10 publications

A county-level estimate of PM 2.5 related chronic mortality risk in China based on multi-model exposure data

A county-level estimate of PM 2.5 related chronic mortality risk in China based on multi-model exposure data

Atmospheric particulate matter2.5 promotes the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Assessing the ammonium nitrate formation regime in the Paris megacity and its representation in the CHIMERE model

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