Health Effects of Indoor Odorants

Cone, James E.; Shusterman, Dennis

doi:10.2307/3431106

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These substances have been studied extensively because they are used in the food industry and for indoor fragrances and deodorants: some are considered to be toxic and a number of them are close to known carcinogens [23] .…”

Section: Toxicity Of Fluid Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Cigarettes: A Short Review

Mh²,

Annesi‐Maesano³

et al. 2013

Respiration

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in water) and a vaporization chamber, which produce an aerosol that simulates the smoke of a cigarette ( fig. 1 ).Nicotine and other additives like flavorings and glycerol (purified vegetable glycerine) may be added in various concentrations to the liquid. No combustion is involved in the process and the 'smoke' produced is an aerosol of liquid particles, a 'mist' [1] .Advertised as a valid way to quit smoking real cigarettes, the e-cigarette has been the subject of much controversy but little experimental study. This review provides a brief overview of the current evidence on the ecigarette. Aerosol GenerationBesides water, the main ingredient of the e-liquid is usually propylene glycol (PG) in water. A mechanical sensor detects when the user inhales and it then triggers the microchip controlling the heater which raises the temperature in the vaporization chamber.As specified by the manufacturers, the temperatures in the vaporization chamber range from 40 to 65 ° C [1] . Recently, however, variable voltage devices gained popularity as they can increase the temperature of operation and the heater surface area in order to tune the vapor to the user's satisfaction. No reliable data could be found on the range of temperatures in these recent devices. The same uncertainty exists about the operating temperature in Key WordsElectronic cigarettes · Propylene glycol · Nicotine AbstractMarketed since 2004 as an alternative to nicotine delivery and advertised as a valid means to smoking cessation, the electronic (e)-cigarette has been the subject of much controversy but very little experimental study. This review provides a brief summary of the current knowledge of this product. Propylene glycol and glycerol, the main ingredients of the fluid that is vaporized, have proved to be harmless in the fog machines of the entertainment industry. However, in the case of the e-cigarette fluid, the composition is not properly labeled: additives like nicotine and flavors vary between and within brands and contamination with various chemicals has been detected. The short-term toxicity seems low, but the long-term toxicity is unknown. The usefulness of the e-cigarette in smoking cessation has still to be clinically established.

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Section: Toxicity Of Fluid Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Cigarettes: A Short Review

Mh²,

Annesi‐Maesano³

et al. 2013

Respiration

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“…In patients treated with this substance the development of anosmia was observed (Menco & Morrison, 2003). Also, many of the first cases of impaired olfactory function and nasal discomfort were reported in people chronically exposed to high ambient levels of substances in industrial use such as sulfur dioxide, cadmium, lead, and chromium, among others (Cone & Shusterman, 1991;Schiffman & Nagle, 1992;Hastings & Miller, 2003). Unfortunately, there are as yet no available treatments able to reverse the damage caused by the exposure to such agents, although sometimes removal of the source allows repair of the olfactory system and the recovery of normal function (Upadhyay & Holbrook, 2004).…”

Section: Discussion and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effect of Air Pollution on Odor Perception

Guarneros¹,

Drucker-Colı́n²,

Esquivelzeta³

et al. 2011

Advanced Topics in Environmental Health and Air Pollution Case Studies

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“…In addition to known volatile organic carcinogens (for example, benzene, chloroform, formaldehyde and [environmental] tobacco smoke), odorant-induced (odorant that is known to be without allergenic potential) asthma has been described (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds in Tartu Office Buildings

Soon

Kähkönen

1999

Altern Lab Anim

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The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are emitted by many materials and activities are common indoor air pollutants. It is believed that VOCs might contribute to many adverse health effects, but there is scant evidence to support this. The difficulties involved in assessing the effects of VOCs involve both the chemistry of indoor air and the physiological responses in varying physical conditions. Inconsistent results of experimental studies and difficulties in performing longitudinal epidemiological studies have led to the conclusion that only higher concentrations (in the range of 1–25mg/m3) of VOCs in indoor air should be considered to relate to higher health risks. This pilot study provides evidence that there is no such risk in Estonian offices.

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Health Effects of Indoor Odorants

Abstract: Ntople assess the quality ofthe air indos primaly on the basis of its odors and on their percption ofassociated

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Electronic Cigarettes: A Short Review

Electronic Cigarettes: A Short Review

Adverse Effect of Air Pollution on Odor Perception

Volatile Organic Compounds in Tartu Office Buildings

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