Health effects of nanomaterials

Tetley, Teresa D.; Thorley, Andrew J.

doi:10.1042/bio03501014

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This kind of oxidant-dependent inflammation occurs via activation of inflammatory signaling cascades, including c-Src, p38 MAP kinase, and NF-κB pathway (Moon et al, 2010). Similar molecular mechanisms were confirmed by in vitro studies that showed how the inhibition of NF-κB pathway could alleviate the inflammation and fibrosis caused by NPs Tetley, 2007). It seems like a low level of oxidative stress enhances transcription of defense genes through transcription factor Nrf-2.…”

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 70%

Review of the effects of manufactured nanoparticles on mammalian target organs

Wu¹,

Tang

2017

J of Applied Toxicology

194

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Nanotechnology had matured significantly during the last two decades as it has transitioned from bench top science to applied technology. Even though the issue of safety of nanotechnology has been raised nearly one decade ago, the rapid progress in development and use of nanomaterials has not yet been matched by toxicological investigations. Many recent studies have simply outlined the toxic effects of nanoparticles (NPs), but few have systematically addressed their potentially adverse biological effects on target organs. Some animal models have shown that NPs could be accumulated in various organs. These accumulations can access the vasculature and target other organs, resulting in a potential health risks. After the brief description of current knowledge on the wide applications of several common NPs, their applications and the toxicokinetics, this review focused on effects of NPs on organ functions and mammal health after acute or chronic exposure, and potential mechanisms of action. Due to their physical properties, the liver, kidneys and lung are the main target organs of NPs. Most of NPs show slight toxicity when exposed to animals, while certain toxic effects like oxidative stress generation, inflammation and DNA damage are commonly observed. The severity of NPs toxicity is dependent upon several factors, including exposure dose and administration, NPs chemistry, size, shape, agglomeration state, and electromagnetic properties, which could provide useful information necessary to control the toxicity of NPs. Finally, the safety evaluation of nanotoxicity was addressed.

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Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 70%

Review of the effects of manufactured nanoparticles on mammalian target organs

Wu¹,

Tang

2017

J of Applied Toxicology

194

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“…Experimental studies in rodents suggest, in turn, that the increased concentration of nanoparticles and higher reactive surface area per unit mass, alongside unique chemistry and functionality, is important in the acute and chronic inflammation upon such exposure. Some animal models have shown that nanoparticles which are deposited in one organ, for example, lung and gut, may access the vasculature and target other organs such as brain and liver (Tetley, 2007). Air pollution epidemiological studies, especially in occupational environments, have though emphasized the importance for worker protection against these nano-sized particles, including exposure quantification and confounder characterization (Peters, Rückerl, & Cyrys, 2011).…”

Section: Studies In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial exposure, toxicity, and impact on human health

Pietroiusti¹,

Stockmann-Juvala

Lucaroni³

et al. 2018

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

176

131

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The use of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) has grown after the turn of the 21st century. Also, the production of ENM has globally grown, and exposure of workers especially via the lungs to ENM has increased. This review tackles with effects of ENM on workers’ health because occupational environment is the main source of exposure to ENM. Assessment of exposure to ENM is demanding, and today there are no occupational exposure level (OEL) for ENM. This is partly due to challenges of such measurements, and in part to the unknown causality between ENM metrics and effects. There are also marked gaps in systematic knowledge on ENM hazards. Human health surveys of exposed workers, or human field studies have not identified specific effects of ENM linking them with a specific exposure. There is, however, a consensus that material characteristics such as size, and chemistry influence effects of ENM. Available data suggest that multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) affect the immunological system and cause inflammation of the lungs, or signs of asthma whereas carbon nanofibers (CNF) may cause interstitial fibrosis. Metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles together with MWCNT induce genotoxicity, and a given type of MWCNT has been identified as a possible human carcinogen. Currently, lack of understanding of mechanisms of effects of ENM renders assessment of hazards and risks of ENM material‐by‐material a necessity. The so called “omics” approaches utilizing ENM‐induced alterations in gene and protein expression may be useful in the development of a new paradigm for ENM hazard and risk assessment. This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials

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“…There are now over 1600 consumer products on the market with a claim of containing aspects of nanotechnology [ 2 ]. These applications include medicine, electronics, engineering, cosmetics and textiles [ 3 ]. As a negative however, the same unique chemical and physical characteristics which make NMs so desirable might also contribute to their potential adverse effects, which raises concerns that some NMs could be hazardous for people living and working with said materials [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic toxicology following single and multiple exposure of engineered nanomaterials utilising a novel primary human 3D liver microtissue model

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe liver has a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis as well as being the principal detoxification centre of the body, removing xenobiotics and waste products which could potentially include some nanomaterials (NM). With the ever increasing public and occupational exposure associated with accumulative production of nanomaterials, there is an urgent need to consider the possibility of detrimental health consequences of engineered NM exposure. It has been shown that exposure via inhalation, intratracheal instillation or ingestion can result in NM translocation to the liver. Traditional in vitro or ex vivo hepatic nanotoxicology models are often limiting and/or troublesome (i.e. reduced metabolism enzymes, lacking important cell populations, unstable with very high variability, etc.).MethodsIn order to rectify these issues and for the very first time we have utilised a 3D human liver microtissue model to investigate the toxicological effects associated with a single or multiple exposure of a panel of engineered NMs (Ag, ZnO, MWCNT and a positively charged TiO2).ResultsHere we demonstrate that the repeated exposure of the NMs is more damaging to the liver tissue as in comparison to a single exposure with the adverse effects more significant following treatment with the Ag and ZnO as compared with the TiO2 and MWCNT NMs (in terms of cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion, lipid peroxidation and genotoxicity).ConclusionsOverall, this study demonstrates that the human microtissue model utilised herein is an excellent candidate for replacement of traditional in vitro single cell hepatic models and further progression of liver nanotoxicology.

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Health effects of nanomaterials

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Review of the effects of manufactured nanoparticles on mammalian target organs

Review of the effects of manufactured nanoparticles on mammalian target organs

Nanomaterial exposure, toxicity, and impact on human health

Hepatic toxicology following single and multiple exposure of engineered nanomaterials utilising a novel primary human 3D liver microtissue model

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