Background and Objectives
E-Health solutions are an innovative approach to support ageing with cognitive impairment. Since technology is developing in fast pace, the aim of this review is to present an overview of the research regarding the effectiveness of these solutions. Moreover, availability of these solutions was examined.
Research Design and Methods
Systematic searches were conducted in seven databases. Full-texts of potentially relevant references were assessed by two reviewers, and discrepancies were solved through discussion. Data on study characteristics, technology type, application domain, availability, outcomes and effects were extracted. A categorization exercise and narrative synthesis were conducted.
Results
In total, 72 studies describing 70 e-Health solutions were identified. The majority of solutions comprised cognitive training for older adults, followed by educational and supportive web platforms for caregivers. Outcomes included mainly measures of cognition, psychosocial functioning, caregiving processes, caregiver-care receiver relationship and activities of daily living. Positive effects of cognitive training technologies were observed on cognitive functioning of older adults, as well as those of supportive web platforms on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and caregiver self-efficacy. Effects of these solutions on depression in both target groups were inconclusive. The methodological quality of the studies was moderate to good. However, some important limitations were observed.
Discussion and Implications
The review identified cognitive training solutions and supportive web platforms as the most effective on a limited number of outcomes. Although other solutions seem promising, further research has to overcome methodological issues. Furthermore, solutions for leisure and reminiscence and outcomes specifically related to independent living deserve more attention.