Health Expenditures Across Major States of India: Issues of Convergence and Equality

Das, Ramesh Chandra; Ray, Kamal; Das, Utpal

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-6104-2_16

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The central and north-eastern regions have recorded the lowest level of institutional spending. A few of the cited reasons have been the economic conditions, educational attainment, awareness about existing health programmes/policies and access to health care (Das et al , 2018). However, the probable reasons for lower coverage along with low reimbursement and spending needs to be explored further by investigating deeply into the socio-economic, demographic and political constructs of these regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting equity in healthcare spending through capability-approach: assessing the effectiveness of health-insurance schemes in reducing OOPE and CHE in India

Dwivedi

Pradhan

2020

IJHRH

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Purpose This paper aims to draw theoretical insight from Sen’s capability-approach and attempts to examine the effectiveness of health-insurance-schemes in reducing out-of-pocket-expenditure (OOPE) and catastrophic-health-expenditure (CHE) in India. Design/methodology/approach Data were extracted from the National-Sample-Survey-Organization, 71st round on Health-2014. Generalized-linear-regression-model was used to investigate the impact of social-protection-schemes on OOPE and CHE. Findings A notable segment of the Indian population is still not covered under any health-insurance-schemes. The majority of the insured population was covered by publicly-financed-health-insurance-schemes (PFHIs), with a trivial-share of private-insurance. Households from 16–59 age-group, urban, literate, richest, southern-regions, using private-facilities and having ear and skin ailments have reported higher insurance coverage. Reimbursement was higher among elderly, literates, middle-class, central-regions, using private-facilities/insurance and for infections. Access to PFHIs significantly reduces the risk of OOPE and CHE. Unavailability of reimbursement exposes the population to a higher risk of CHE. Research limitations/implications Being a study based on secondary data sources, its applicability may vary as per the other social indicators. Practical implications Extending insurance-coverage alone cannot answer the widespread inequalities in health care. Rather, an efficiently managed reimbursement-mechanism could condense OOPE and CHE by enhancing the capability of the population to confront the undue financial burden. Social implications Extending the health-insurance-coverage to the entire population requires a better understanding of the underlying-dynamics and health-care needs and must make health-care affordable by enhancing the overall capability. Originality/value This research brings a theoretical and conceptual analysis for improving the health-insurance coverage among the community as a public health strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting equity in healthcare spending through capability-approach: assessing the effectiveness of health-insurance schemes in reducing OOPE and CHE in India

Dwivedi

Pradhan

2020

IJHRH

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“…The value of this index is calculated as the ratio of the area between Lorenz curve and the equality line (the 45° line) to the whole area below the equality line. Among different methods for calculating the Gini index, the following formula was used in this study:[ 20 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted subsidy plan and Kakwani index in Iran health system

Dizaj

Anbari

Karyani

et al. 2019

J Edu Health Promot

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“…The findings confirm that there is no converging pattern of public spending on health among India's 20 states as a whole, but convergence was observed between groups of states. Das et al (2018) investigated the convergence of public health spending among the major Indian states for 20 years, from 1990-91 to 2009-10. The findings suggest the presence of absolute β convergence but σ divergence between the Indian states.…”

Section: Review Of Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-state disparities in government health expenditure in India: a study of national rural health mission

Din

Dar

Haseen

2023

IJHG

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PurposeThe study aims to compare India's public health expenditure at the international and state levels. The paper also empirically examines the regional disparities in NRHM spending across the 21 selected states of India.Design/methodology/approachThe tools of absolute β-and σ-convergence are used in the analysis to test the regional convergence. The average annual growth rate across the states is the dependent variable for β-convergence, and time is the second dependent variable but is used for s-convergence. In contrast, the initial value of NRHM expenditure and the coefficient of variation of NRHM expenditure are used as independent variables, respectively. Descriptive statistics are also used for the study. The data are annual and cover the panel from 2007 to 2020.FindingsThe study attests to the hypothesis of β-and σ-convergence for the selected states in the period mentioned. The observed convergence in NRHM expenditure is due to the shift in the government's attention from the non-high focus high focus states to high states through the national rural health mission policy. The coefficient of variation across the states also shows a declining trend and provides the robustness of the σ-convergence.Originality/valueAs far as the literature is concerned, none of the existing studies examines the convergence of a public health expenditure scheme like the National Rural Health Mission across the Indian states by applying the techniques of β-and σ-convergence. The novelty of the study is using the newly updated dataset and validating the convergence hypotheses in the National Rural Health Mission expenditure case.

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Health Expenditures Across Major States of India: Issues of Convergence and Equality

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Revisiting equity in healthcare spending through capability-approach: assessing the effectiveness of health-insurance schemes in reducing OOPE and CHE in India

Revisiting equity in healthcare spending through capability-approach: assessing the effectiveness of health-insurance schemes in reducing OOPE and CHE in India

Targeted subsidy plan and Kakwani index in Iran health system

Inter-state disparities in government health expenditure in India: a study of national rural health mission

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