Health impact assessment from exposure to trace metals present in atmospheric PM10 at Ahmedabad, a big city in western India

Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric Aerosols over Different Regions of India and Surrounding Oceans

“…Furthermore, mineral dust is shown to be the dominant component of PM 10 mass over the western region of India, i.e., Ahmedabad, Mount Abu, and the Arabian Sea. 28,32,53 Being the least soluble and inactive for the DTT oxidation, 54 the dominant mineral dust in PM 10 over Ahmedabad (41%), Mount Abu (65%), and the Arabian Sea (57%) led to the lowest OP M over these PM 10 studied sites compared to Port Blair (Figure 1). During the study periods, Port Blair was a remote marine environment under the influence of continental outflow, unlike that of the Arabian Sea.…”

“…A majority of studies worldwide on PM 2.5 and PM 10 revealed that OP may not always be governed by their elevated mass concentrations, and their chemical compositions likely play a more important role. − Several high-pollution episodes have been evidenced by a massive accumulation of PM 2.5 in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), a densely populated region of India. , Sen et al showed that aerosols over the IGP are majorly composed of fine fractions with PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio varying from 0.53 to 0.82. Further, several studies confirmed that coarse particles could also adversely affect human airway macrophages and oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, highlighting the importance of studying the OP of atmospheric PM 10 over regions dominated by mineral dust, such as western India. − Diversity in the use of solid fuels between the states in India led to a considerable variation in PM exposure and associated health loss . Therefore, it is a compulsive concern for India, with more than a billion inhabitants, to work critically on aerosol oxidative properties over different source regions.…”

Impact of Expanding Coal Industry on the Regional Environment in an Indian Coal-Belt - A Case Study from Jharkhand, India

“…According to United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (2021), particles smaller than 10 micrometres in diameter pose the greatest problems, because they can get accumulated into the lungs, and some may even get into the bloodstream. When these particles are breathed in, they penetrate into the lungs resulting in numerous impacts on health and problems including coughing, wheezing, asthma attacks, bronchitis, high blood pressure, heart attack, strokes and premature death (Gandhi et al, 2021;Ganguly et al, 2019;Medina et al, 2004;Maji et al, 2017). Many heavy metals are also emitted through coal; Iron, Copper, Chromium, Zinc, Cadmium, Nickel, Arsenic etc being the major ones (Mishra et al, 2008;Rout et al, 2013).…”